Hãy thận trọng với những hiểu biết sai lầm. Điều đó còn nguy hiểm hơn cả sự không biết. (Beware of false knowledge; it is more dangerous than ignorance.)George Bernard Shaw
Tài năng là do bẩm sinh, hãy khiêm tốn. Danh vọng là do xã hội ban cho, hãy biết ơn. Kiêu căng là do ta tự tạo, hãy cẩn thận. (Talent is God-given. Be humble. Fame is man-given. Be grateful. Conceit is self-given. Be careful.)John Wooden
Người khôn ngoan chỉ nói khi có điều cần nói, kẻ ngu ngốc thì nói ra vì họ buộc phải nói. (Wise men speak because they have something to say; fools because they have to say something. )Plato
Gặp quyển sách hay nên mua ngay, dù đọc được hay không, vì sớm muộn gì ta cũng sẽ cần đến nó.Winston Churchill
Mất lòng trước, được lòng sau. (Better the first quarrel than the last.)Tục ngữ
Chấm dứt sự giết hại chúng sinh chính là chấm dứt chuỗi khổ đau trong tương lai cho chính mình.Tủ sách Rộng Mở Tâm Hồn
Tìm lỗi của người khác rất dễ, tự thấy lỗi của mình rất khó. Kinh Pháp cú
Quy luật của cuộc sống là luôn thay đổi. Những ai chỉ mãi nhìn về quá khứ hay bám víu vào hiện tại chắc chắn sẽ bỏ lỡ tương lai. (Change is the law of life. And those who look only to the past or present are certain to miss the future.)John F. Kennedy
Lo lắng không xua tan bất ổn của ngày mai nhưng hủy hoại bình an trong hiện tại. (Worrying doesn’t take away tomorrow’s trouble, it takes away today’s peace.)Unknown
Người trí dù khoảnh khắc kề cận bậc hiền minh, cũng hiểu ngay lý pháp, như lưỡi nếm vị canh.Kinh Pháp Cú - Kệ số 65

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  4. Đang nghe bài: Florence Nightingale

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It could be said that Florence Nightingale was responsible for inventing modern nursing.
Indeed, Nightingale did open up the professions to women generally. Her example and
influence during the mid to late nineteenth Century were an important factor in opening
doors to women.
Nightingale's own life reflects many of these changes. She was born in 1820, and was
one of two daughters of a wealthy English family. Her mother was a beautiful society lady
who had once turned down a favoured suitor because he was not wealthy enough. She
wanted both her daughters to be socially popular and to marry rich and important men.
Florence's father ensured that she had a good education. But she was frustrated
because girls and women were always under parental supervision. She felt called to a life
of action, but her family insisted that she divide her time between being with her family
and attending social functions. She was not allowed to do anything on her own.
When she was 16, Nightingale said that God spoke to her and called her to do His work.
But Florence didn't know what work she was being called to do. Years passed away while
she sat with her mother and sister, or attended dances and concerts or travelled to
Europe.
Nightingale became more angry and rebellious. She offended her family and friends by
refusing to marry several prominent men who wanted to marry her. By the time she was
24, she had decided to be a nurse.
But how did one become a nurse? At that time, the profession didn't seem promising.
The only respectable nurses were those women in religious orders that ministered to the
patient's spiritual health, but were not trained in medicine. The majority of nurses were
poor, untrained women who were suspected of being too fond of men or alcohol, or both.
In fact, one hospital preferred to hire unwed mothers as nurses because they had no
reputations to lose.
Nightingale's family was horrified by her plans. Their opposition delayed her plans but
could not stop them. In 1850 she visited a hospital in Germany for the first time. In 1853,
she was appointed superintendent of a women's nursing home in London. But, Florence
was still waiting for her true calling.
In 1855, the Times of London was printing reports from the Crimean War. France and
England were fighting Russia in the Crimean Peninsula. After one allied victory, the
wounded French soldiers were well taken care of, but the wounded English soldiers were
left to die. Back in England there was a public outcry. It was Florence's opportunity. She
was soon on her way to Istanbul, Turkey, with 38 nurses.
Scutari, Turkey, was the hospital where the British wounded were brought. This socalled
hospital was a death pit, where 42 out of every 100 men died. The army was unwilling to
listen to Miss Nightingale or to let her tend the wounded. She had to wait until conditions
became so bad that the regular medical officers were overwhelmed. As soon as the army
turned to her, she immediately went to work. She had the entire hospital cleaned, a new
kitchen set up, and a good water supply obtained. The death rate dropped to 22 out of
every 1,000. Nightingale became famous overnight.
Although her efforts in the Crimean War injured her health, she continued her work back
in London. She published a 1,000page report on medical conditions in the British Army,
several books on nursing and her own proposals and suggestions. She also set up a
training school for nurses. Long before her death in 1910, she had seen nursing become
a wellestablished profession. Almost singlehandedly she had helped to bring about
proper treatment of the sick and injured.

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