Lửa. Lửa lại bùng cháy trên những cánh rừng bạt ngàn miền tây. Khói cuồn cuộn, lan xa hàng nghìn dặm, kéo qua tận miền đông. Tro bụi mịt mù, bao phủ hết bầu trời, làm cho nền trời lúc giữa trưa mà ửng lên màu vàng cam, có khi đỏ ối như ráng chiều hoàng hôn. Hai vầng nhật nguyệt dường như bị che khuất suốt những ngày cuối hạ. Tro tàn theo gió cuốn đi thật xa, rời bỏ núi rừng, rồi rơi lả tả trên những cánh đồng, sông suối, cỏ cây, nhà cửa, xe cộ... khắp các vùng. Không khí như bị đặc quánh lại với mùi khét lẹt của khói. Lệnh giãn cách xã hội và mang khẩu trang chưa được cởi mở hoàn toàn, lại càng cần thiết hơn trong lúc này, khi con người mong tìm nơi trú ẩn an toàn để thở được không khí trong lành.

Lửa là một trong bốn yếu tố to lớn (bốn đại: đất, nước, gió, lửa), có mặt trùm khắp thế giới vật chất, hữu hình. Không đâu mà không có lửa, cũng như không đâu mà không có đất, nước, gió. Lửa là nhu cầu thiết yếu của loài người từ thời nguyên thủy cho đến ngày nay, để thắp sáng, sưởi ấm và làm chín thức ăn. Từ cuối thế kỷ thứ 7 trước kỷ nguyên, một giáo phái tôn thờ lửa được thành lập gọi là Hỏa giáo (1). Lửa trong kinh Phật thì có khi được ẩn dụ như sự bùng cháy của tâm sân hận (2); có khi được dùng để nói về một nguy hiểm tiềm tàng (3); và trong một thi kệ của Thiền sư Khuông Việt thì lửa được dụ cho Phật tính (4).

Dù trong ẩn dụ tốt hay xấu, tính năng của lửa là từ một đốm nhỏ có thể làm bùng lên thành một trận lửa to lớn. Nhìn tiêu cực, và cụ thể, lửa thường được ví với sự nóng nảy, giận dữ, sân hận. Như

vậy, tâm sân hận dù nhỏ, cũng có thể bùng phát thành cơn thịnh nộ lớn, gây tổn hại cho mình hoặc hủy diệt cả người khác.

Nhìn những cơn bão lửa thực tế đang cuồng nộ gieo rắc kinh hoàng cho con người và muông thú trên các cánh rừng, người thực hành chánh pháp có thể dùng đó làm bài học quán niệm, theo dõi và kiểm soát lòng sân hận của mình. Chỉ một niệm sân nhỏ thôi, cũng cần phải nhận biết, cẩn trọng, xem chừng, đừng cho nó manh động, tăng trưởng. Quán sát sâu xa hơn, có thể nhận ra cội nguồn của tâm sân hận chính là ái ngã, vị ngã — chỉ thích những ai và những gì làm vừa lòng mình; không chấp nhận những ai và những gì làm trái ý mình. Bất mãn, nổi sân, bẳn gắt, khó chịu với người khác cũng chỉ vì yêu thích, cưng chiều, bảo vệ “cái tôi” và “những gì thuộc về tôi” của mình.

Do đó, sự thịnh nộ của bão lửa, dù là thiên tai hay nhân họa, có phần nào được hiểu như là phóng ảnh từ nội tâm con người. Quá vị kỷ sinh ra thù ghét; quá tự tôn sinh ra kỳ thị; quá tư kiến sinh ra thành kiến. Từ đó, phừng phừng đốt lên những ngọn lửa dữ. Chiến tranh tôn giáo, sắc tộc, chủ nghĩa, ý thức hệ, đảng phái... cũng chỉ vì không thể kiểm soát được đốm lửa sân nhỏ.

Lửa, luôn hữu dụng nếu biết kiểm soát. Người ta có thể cất lửa vào một đầu que diêm, hay nhốt lửa tiềm ẩn trong một cái hộp quẹt. Đốt nhang cúng Phật, đốt củi sưởi ấm, nhen lửa nấu cơm... lửa có hại ai đâu. Hại hay không là do mình biết hay không biết kiểm soát, chế ngự.

Nhưng khi một ngọn lửa chưa bật lên, khi một niệm chưa khởi, thì cái gì, là ai ở nơi ấy?

Tất cả cơn thịnh nộ của

địa chấn, cường triều, cuồng phong, hỏa tai... rồi sẽ lắng xuống. Không có gì tự sinh ra, và cũng không có gì sinh mãi không diệt. Lửa không thể cháy mãi. Sóng không thể dâng mãi. Niệm thiện hay niệm ác cũng chỉ là những ba động trên bề mặt bản tâm. Sau cơn thịnh nộ, là im lặng.

California, ngày 16 tháng 9 năm 2020
Vĩnh Hảo
www.vinhhao.info

_________

(1) Theo Wikipedia: “Hỏa giáo hay Bái hỏa giáo (cũng còn được gọi là Hiên giáo, Hỏa hiên giáo, Đạo Zoroast, Đạo Mazda hay Mazde, Hỏa yêu giáo) là tôn giáo do nhà tiên tri Zoroaster (Zarathushtra) sáng lập vào khoảng cuối thế kỷ 7 TCN tại miền Đông Đế quốc Ba Tư cổ đại. Đây là một trong những tôn giáo lâu đời nhất của nhân loại, với bộ kinh chính thức là kinh Avesta (Cổ kinh Ba Tư) tôn vinh thần trí tuệ Ahura Mazda là thần thế lực cao nhất. Các đặc điểm nổi bật của Hỏa giáo, bao gồm lòng tin vào một đấng cứu rỗi sẽ tới cứu giúp nhân loại, thiên đàng và địa ngục, và tự do ý chí được cho rằng đã ảnh hưởng đến các hệ thống tôn giáo sau đó như: Do thái giáo đền thờ thứ hai, thuyết ngộ đạo, Kitô giáo và Hồi giáo.”

(2) “Một đốm lửa sân có thể đốt cháy cả rừng công đức,” (Kinh Phật).

(3) “Có bốn thứ tuy trẻ nhỏ, nhưng không thể xem thường. Những gì là bốn? Vương tử Sát-lợi, tuổi tuy trẻ nhỏ, nhưng chớ xem thường. Rồng con, tuổi tuy trẻ nhỏ, nhưng chớ xem thường. Đốm lửa tuy nhỏ, nhưng chớ xem thường. Tỳ-kheo tuổi tuy trẻ nhỏ, nhưng chớ xem thường.” (Tạp A-hàm, Tam Bồ Đề, Kinh số 1226. Việt dịch: Thích Đức Thắng; Hiệu đính & Chú thích: Tuệ Sỹ)

(4) Bài kệ của Thiền sư Khuông Việt (933-1011), với ý rằng vì chúng sinh sẵn có tánh Phật nên tu hành mới thành Phật quả; nếu không có tánh Phật thì

dù tu hành bao nhiêu đời kiếp cũng không thể thành Phật. Bài kệ đã dùng lửa trong cây làm ẩn dụ:

“Mộc trung nguyên hữu hỏa,
Hữu hỏa, hỏa hoàn sanh.
Nhược vị mộc vô hỏa,
Toản toại hà do manh.”

Dịch:

Trong cây sẵn có lửa,
Có lửa, lửa mới sanh.
Nếu bảo cây không lửa,
Cọ xát làm gì sanh.





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