hetubinduḥ

hetubinduḥ

namo buddhāya |

(1. 1)parokṣārthapratipatteranumānāśrayatvādeva tad vyutpādanārtha saṁkṣepata idamārabhyate-

pakṣadharmastadaṁśena vyāpto hetustridhaiva saḥ |

avinābhāvaniyamād hetvābhāsāstato'pare ||

(1.2) pakṣo dharmī, avayave samudāyopacārāt | prayojanābhāvādanupacāra iti cet | na | sarvadharmidharmapratiṣedhārthatvādupacārasya | evaṁ hi cākṣuṣatvādi parihṛtaṁ bhavati | dharmavacanenāpi parāśrayatvād dharmasya dharmyāśrayasiddhau pratyāsatteḥ sādhyadharmiṇa eva siddhiriti cet | na | pratyāsatteḥ dṛṣṭāntadharmiṇo'pi | siddhe tadaṁśavyāptyā dṛṣṭāntadharmiṇi sattve punardharmiṇo vacanaṁ dṛṣṭāntadharmiṇa eva yo dharmaḥ sa heturiti niyamārthamāśaṁkyeta | dṛṣṭaṁ sajātīya eva sattvam ityavadhāraṇena sādhyābhāve siddhe'pi vyatireke sādhyābhāve asattvavacanam, tathehāpi tadaṁśavyāptivacanāt siddhe'pi dṛṣṭāntadharmiṇi sattve tatraiva bhāvaniyamārtha dharmivacanamāśaṁkyeta | tasmāt sāmarthyād arthapratītāvapi upacāramātrāt samānanirdeśāt pratipattigauravaṁ ca parihṛtaṁ bhavati |

(1.3) pakṣasya dharmatve tadviśeṣaṇāpekṣasyānyatrānanuvṛtterasādhāraṇateti cet | na | ayogavyavacchedena viśeṣaṇāt | yathā caitro dhanurdhara iti | nānyayogavyavacchedena | yathā pārtho dhanurdhara iti |

tadaṁśastadharmaḥ |

(1.4) tasya vyāptirhi vyāpakasya tatra bhāva eva | vyāpyasya vā tatraiva bhāvaḥ | etena anvayo vyatireko vā pakṣadharmaśca yathāsvaṁ pramāṇena niścita uktaḥ | sarvatra hetau sādhyavaidharmye vyāptyasiddhervyāpakānivṛttau nivṛttyabhāvādvā | anvayavyatirekāniścayābhyāṁ hi taddharmavyāptiniścayaḥ |

(1.5) tatra pakṣadharmasya sādhyadharmiṇi pratyakṣato'numānato vā prasiddhiḥ | tathā pradeśe dhūmasya, śabde vā kṛtakatvasya |

sadhūmaṁ hi pradeśamarthāntaraviviktarūpamasādhāraṇātmanā dṛṣṭavataḥ smārtaṁ yathādṛṣṭabheda viṣayaṁ liṅgajñānamutpadyate |

tatra yadādyamasādhāraṇaviṣayaṁ darśanaṁ tadeva pramāṇam |

(1.6) tasmiṁstathābhūte darśanena dṛṣṭesati sa yena yenāsādhāraṇastadasādhāraṇatāṁ tato bhedamabhilapantī atadvayāvṛtiviṣayā smṛtirutpatrā pratyakṣabalena na pramāṇam | yathādṛṣṭākāragrahaṇāt, prāgasādhāraṇaṁ dṛṣṭvā asādhāraṇa ityabhilapataḥ apūrvārthādhigamābhāvāt, arthakriyāsādhanasya ālocanājñānena darśanācca | adṛṣṭasya punastatsādhanasya vikalpenāpratipatteranumānavat |

arthakriyārthī hi sarvaḥ prekṣāvān pramāṇamapramāṇaṁ vā'nveṣate | na ca sāmānyaṁ svalakṣaṇapratipatterūrdhvaṁ tatsāmarthyotpatravikalpavijñānagrāhyaṁ kāñcidarthakriyāmupakalpayati | yathā nīlaṁ dṛṣṭvā nīlamiti jñāne | tadeva hi nīlasvalakṣaṇaṁ tathāvidhasādhyārthakriyākāri | tacca tenātmanā dṛṣṭameva ālocanāpratyayena |

na ca tatsvalakṣaṇagrahaṇottarakālabhāvino nīlavikalpasya viṣayeṇa nīlasādhyārthakriyā kriyate |

(1.7) tasmāt anadhigatārthaviṣayaṁ pramāṇam ityapi anadhigate svalakṣaṇe iti viśeṣaṇīyam |

adhigate tu svalakṣaṇe tatsāmarthyajanmā vikalpastadanukārī kāryatastadviṣayatvāt smṛtireva, na pramāṇam, anadhigatavasturūpasyānadhigateḥ | vastvadhiṣṭhānatvāt pramāṇavyavasthāyāḥ | arthakriyāyogyaviṣayatvāt tadarthināṁ pravṛtteḥ | arthakriyāyogyalakṣaṇaṁ hi vastu | tato'pi vikalpāt vastunyeva tadadhyavasāyena puruṣasya pravṛtteḥ | pravṛttau pratyakṣeṇābhinnayogakṣematvāt |

pūrvapratyakṣakṣaṇena abhinnayogakṣematvāduttareṣāṁ kvacidaprāmāṇyaprasaṅga iti cet | na | kṣaṇaviśeṣasādhyārthavāñcāyāṁ nānāyogakṣematvāt | sādhāraṇe hi kārye na teṣāṁ sāmarthyabhedaḥ | aparāparadhūmapramitasatrikṛṣṭāgniṣu iva anumānajñānānāmagnimātrasādhye'rthe |

etena dharmidharmaliṅgādivikalpasya pramāṇapṛṣṭhabhāvinaḥ prāmāṇyaṁ pratyuktam |

(1.8) anvayaniścayo'pi svabhāvahetau sādhyadharmasya vastutastadbhāvatayā sādhanadharmabhāvamātrānubandhasiddhiḥ | sā hi sādhyaviparyaye hetorbādhaka- pramāṇa-vṛttiḥ | yathā sat tat kṣaṇikameva, akṣaṇikatve'-rthakriyā virodhāt tallakṣaṇaṁ vastutvaṁ hīyate |

kāryahetau kāryakāraṇabhāvasiddhiḥ | yathedamasyopalambhe upalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptamanupalabdhamupalabhyate, satsu apyanyeṣu hetuṣu asyābhāve na bhavatīti yastadbhāve bhāvastadabhāve'bhāvaśca pratyakṣānupalambhasādhanaḥ kāryakāraṇabhāvaḥ tasya siddhiḥ | kāryakāraṇabhāva eva hyarthāntarasya evaṁ syāt- yatra dhūmastatrāvaśyamagniriti, agnibhāva eva hi bhāvo dhūmasya tatkāryatvamiti |

anupalabdhāvapi anvayaniścayaḥ asadvayavahārasyopalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptasyānupalabdhimātravṛtti sādhanaṁ, nimittāntarābhāvopadarśanāt |

(1.9) vyatirekaniścayo'pi kāryasvabhāvahetvoḥ kāraṇavyāpakānupalabdhibhyāṁ dṛśyaviṣayābhyāṁ kāryakāraṇavyāpyavyāpakabhāvasiddhau satyāṁ sādhyābhāve'bhāvasiddhiruddiṣṭa viṣayasyābhāvopadarśane | anupalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptasyānyathā kvacidabhāvāsiddheḥ | anuddiṣṭaviṣayaṁ sādhyābhāve hetvabhāvakhyāpanaṁ pratibandhamātrasiddhau sidhyatīti na tatra vyatireka- sādhane anupalabdhyoḥ dṛśyaviṣayatāviśeṣaṇamapekṣyate | vyatirekāniścayo'nupalabdhāvupalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptāt sato'nupalambhābhāvadarśanam |

(1.10) etallakṣaṇaḥ tridhaiva saḥ hetustriprakāra eva | svabhāvaḥ kāryamanupalabdhiśceti | yathā anitye kasmiṁścitsādhye sattvamiti | agnimati pradeśe dhūma iti | abhāve ca upalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptasyānupalabdhiriti | atraiva trividhahetāvavinābhāvasya niyamāt | pakṣadharmasya yathoktā vyāptiravinābhāvaḥ | na sa trividhāddhetoranyatrāstītyatraiva niyata ucyate |

(2.1) tatra sādhanadharmabhāvamātrānvayini sādhyadharme svabhāvo hetuḥ | aparāparavyāvṛttibhedena dharmabhede satyapi vastutaḥ liṅgasvabhāva eva | hetusvabhāve sādhyadharme'nvayavyabhicārābhāvāt lakṣaṇe tanmātrānvayeneti viśeṣaṇaṁ paramatāpekṣam |

pare hi arthāntaranimittamatadbhāvamātrānvayinamapi svabhāvamiccanti | tena ca viśeṣaṇena tathavidhasya atatsvabhāvatāṁ tasmin sādhye hetorvyabhicāraṁ cāha | yathā hetumati vināśe kṛtakatvasya |

(2.2) tasya dvidhā prayogaḥ | sādharmyeṇaikaḥ vaidharmyeṇāparaḥ | yathā yat sat tat sarvaṁ kṣaṇikam | yathā ghaṭādayaḥ | saṁśca śabdaḥ iti | tathā, kṣaṇikatvābhāve sattvābhāvaḥ saṁśca śabda iti | sarvopasaṁhāreṇa vyāptipradarśanalakṣaṇau sādharmyavaidharmyaprayogāvuktau |

(2.3) atra pakṣadharmasambandhavacanamātrasāmarthyādeva pratijñārthasya pratīteḥ na pratijñāyāḥ prayoga upadarśitaḥ | apradarśite prameye kathaṁ tatpratītiriti cet | svayaṁ pratipattau prameyasya ka upadarśayitā? pradeśasthaṁ dhūmamupalabdhavataḥ tasyāgninā vyāpteḥ smaraṇe tatsāmarthyādeva agniratra iti pratijñārthapratītirbhavati | na ca tatra kaścit agniratreti asmai nivedayati | nāpi svayamapi prāgeva pratipadyate kiñcit, pramāṇamantareṇaivaṁ pratīteḥ nimittābhāvāt pratītau liṅgasya vaiyarthyam | svayamevākasmāt agniratreti vyavasthāpya tatpratipattaye paścālliṅgamanusaratīti ko'yaṁ pratipatteḥ kramaḥ? pareṇāpi taducyamānaṁ plavata eva upayogābhāvāt | viṣayopadarśanamupayoga iti cet, tenaiva tāvaddarśyamānena ko'rthaḥ? yadi pratītiranyathā na syāttadā sarvaṁ śobheta | tasmādeṣa svayaṁpratītau kenacid viṣayopasthāpakena vināpi pratiyan asmān kāryiṇo dṛṣṭvā parvabrāhmaṇa iva vyaktaṁ mūlyaṁ mṛgayate | asmadvacanādapi svayaṁ siddhameva liṅgamanusṛtya sādhyaṁ pratyetīti ko'nayoravasthayorviśeṣaḥ? dṛṣṭā ca pakṣadharmasambandhavacanamātrāt sādharmyavat - prayogādeḥ pratijñāvacanamantareṇāpi pratītiriti kastasyopayogaḥ? svaniścayavadanyeṣāmapi niścayotpādanāya sādhanamucyate | tatra svayaṁ prameyopadarśanena vināpi pratipadya paraṁ pratipādayatrapūrva kramamāśrayate iti kimatra kāraṇam? tasmātra prameyasya vacanena kiñcitprayojanamanyathāpi pratipatterutpatteḥ |

(2.4) etenopanayanigamanādikamapi pratyuktam | etāvataiva sādhyapratīterbhāvāt | ḍiṇḍikarāgaṁ parityajyākṣiṇī nimīlya cintaya tāvat kimiyatā pratītiḥ syātra veti | bhāve kiṁ prapañcamālayā? iti iyāneva sādhanavākye prayogo jyāyān |

(2.5) atra pūrvaṁ hetuḥ prayoktavyaḥ paścād dṛṣṭānta iti kramaniyamo'pi na kaścit | sarvathā gamakatvāt |

(2.6) sambandhavacane'pi nārthabhedo'pi kaścit | ubhayathā'pi tadbhāvasyaiva khyāpanāt | nahi atatsvabhāvasya bhāve ekāntenānyasya bhāvaḥ kṛtakatvasya bhāve prayatnānantarīyakatvavat | kāryasyāpi atatsvabhāvasyābhāve na tannivṛttiḥ, yathā'nayoreva naikanivṛttāvanyanivṛttiḥ |

tasmādanvayavyatirekayoryathālakṣaṇameko'pi prayokto dvitīyamākṣipatīti naikatraṁ sādhanavākye dvayoḥ prayogaḥ iṣyate vaiyarthyāt | tatsvabhāvatayā'nvayasiddhau tadabhāve'bhāvo'pi sidhyatyeva | tathā siddhau cānvayasyāpi siddheriti |

tadabhāva eva hetorabhāvakhyātiryathā syāt nānyatra vipakṣe viruddhe vā iti niyamakhyāpanārtho'pi vyatirekaprayogo na yuktaḥ , anyaviruddhayorapi vipakṣatvāt |

(2.7) kathamidam avagamyate sadavaśyaṁ naśvarasvabhāvamiti yena anvayavyatirekasambhava iti cet | vināśahetvayogāt | svabhāvata eva bhāvā naśvarāḥ naiṣāṁ svahetubhyo niṣpatrānāmanyato vināśotpattiḥ | tasyāsāmarthyāt | na hi vināśaheturbhāvasya svabhāvameva karoti tasya svahetubhyo nirvṛtteḥ | nāpi bhāvāntarameva, bhāvāntarakaraṇe bhāvasya tadavasthatvāt tathopalabdhyādiprasaṅgaḥ | nāpi svabhāvāntaramasyāvaraṇam tadavasthe tasminnāvaraṇāyogāt | nāpi vināśahetunā bhāvābhāvaḥ kriyate | abhāvasya vidhinā'nyatayopagame vyatirekāvyatireka vikalpānatikramāt | bhāvapratiṣedhakaraṇe na tasya kiñcidbhavati na bhavatyeva kevalamiti | evaṁ ca kartā na bhavatītyakarturahetutvamiti na vināśahetuḥ kaścit |

(2.8 ) vaiyarthyācca | yadi svabhāvato naśvaraḥ svātmanyanavasthāyī bhāvaḥ tasya na kiñcinnāśakāraṇaiḥ | tatsvabhāvatayaiva svayaṁ nāśāt | yo hi yatsvabhāvaḥ sa svahetoreva utpadyamānaḥ tādṛśo bhavati, na punastadbhāve hetvantaramapekṣate | prakāśadravoṣṇakaṭhinadravyādivat | na hi prakāśādayastadātmāna utpannāḥ punaḥ prakāśādibhāve hetvantaramapekṣante | tadātmanastādātmyābhāve nairātmyaprasaṅgāt | tadvadasthitidharmā cet svabhāvato bhāvo niṣpanno na punastadātmatāyāṁ hetvantaramapekṣate |

(2.9) bījādivadanekānta iti cet | syādetad bījādayo'ṅkurādijananasvabhāvā | api salilādi-hetvantarāpekṣaṇāt na kevalā janayanti | tadvad bhāvo'pi vināśe syādīt | na | tasvabhāvasya jananādajanakasya cātatsvabhāvatvāt | ata eva tayoravasthayorvastubhedo niśceyaḥ | bhāvānāṁ svabhāvānyathātvābhāvāt tatsvabhāvasya paścādiva prāgāpi jananaprasaṅgāt |

tasmādyo'ntyo'vasthāviśeṣaḥ sa evāṅkurajananasvabhāvaḥ | pūrvabhāvinastu avasthāviśeṣā aṅkurakāraṇasya kāraṇāni iti nānekāntaḥ | kṣaṇikeṣu bhāveṣu aparāparotpatteraikyābhāvāt |

(2.10) yadi te'ntyāḥ samarthāḥ kiṁ na janayanti pratyekamiti | janayantyeva nātrānyathābhāvaḥ svabhāsyāvaiparītyāt |

nanu teṣu sahakāriṣu samarthasvabhāveṣu ko'parasyopayogaḥ ? na vai bhāvānāṁ kācit prekṣāpūrvakāritā yataḥ ayamasmāsvanyatamo'pi samarthaḥ kimasmābhiḥ kartavyam ityālocyāpare nivarteran | te nirabhiprāyavyāpārā eva svahetupariṇāmopanidhidharmāṇonopālambhamarhanti, tatprakṛteḥ |

te samarthāḥ kiṁ nāparāparaṁ janayantīti cet | na, tatraiva sāmarthyāt tasyaivaikasya janane samarthā nānyasyeti nāparāparajananam |

(2.11) bhinnasvabhāvebhyaścakṣurādibhyaḥ sahakāribhya ekakāryotpattau na kāraṇabhedāt kāryabhedaḥ syāditi cet | na | yathāsvaṁ svabhāvabhedena tadviśeṣopayogastadupayogaiḥ kāryasvabhāvaviśeṣāsaṅkarāt | yathā mṛtpiṇḍakulālasūtrā dibhyo bhavato ghaṭasya mṛtpiṇḍādamṛtsvabhāvebhyo vṛkṣādibhyo bhinnaḥ svabhāvaḥ kulālāttasyaiva mṛdātmanaḥ sataḥ saṁsthāviśeṣātmatayā tadanyebhyo bhinnaḥ sūtrāttasyaiva mṛtsaṁsthāna viśeṣātmanaḥ cakrādervibhaktaḥ svabhāvo bhavati | tadevaṁ na kulālānmṛtsvabhāvatāḥ, na mṛdaḥ saṁsthānaviśeṣaḥ | na ca tayoḥ śāktiviśeṣaviṣayabhede'pi tajjanitaviśeṣabhedasya kāryasya svabhāvena bhedaḥ mṛtsaṁsthānayoraparasparātmatayā saṁsthānamṛdrūpābhyāṁ tayorapratibhāsanaprasaṅgāt |

(2.12) anyadeva saṁsthānaṁ guṇo mṛddravyāt tena bhinnasvabhāvaḥ kulālamṛtpiṇḍayorupayogaviśeṣa iti cet | uktamatra | api ca yadi saṁsthānaṁ bhinnaṁ mṛdaḥ kulālaḥ kiṁ na pṛthakkaroti?

guṇasya dravyaparatantratvāt sa kathaṁ pṛthak kriyeta? tatsaṁsthānādhārātmakaṁ yadi svabhāvenaiva tad dravyam, tatsaṁsthānaṁ vā tadādheyātmakaṁ, tadā kimiti kulālavyāpāramapekṣate iti cet | na | tataḥ parasparasambandhayogyatāpratilambhāt | anyathā mṛtpiṇḍasya svabhāvata eva tathāvidhasaṁsthānasambandhayogyatve vastuna eva prāgapi yogyatālakṣaṇā dharmatāstīti saṁsthānaviśeṣeṇa sambandhaḥ syāditi | evaṁ tarthi sā yogyatā mṛddravyasya kulālād bhavatīti nānayoḥ svabhāvabhedaḥ | bhedehi prāgvat prasajyeta | asti tāvadekasvabhāvatve'pi ekasyānekapratyayopādheyaviśeṣateti kiṁ mṛtsaṁsthānayoḥ ekasvabhāvatvasādhanāya atinirbandhena |

(2.13) tena sahakāriṇaḥ pratyayā naikopayogaviṣayāḥ kāryasyaikasvabhāvatve'pi vastuta iti yatheha kāraṇabhedo bhinnaviśeṣopayogāt naikakāryaḥ, tathā cakṣurādibhyo vijñānotpattau utreyaḥ | tathā hi- samanantarapratyayādvijñānāccakṣurvijñānasya upalambhātmatā tasyaivopalambhātmanaḥ sataścakṣurindriyādrūpagrahaṇayogyatāpratiniyamaḥ viṣayāttattulyarūpateti abhinnatve'pi vastutaḥ kāryasya kāraṇānāṁ bhinnebhyaḥ svabhāvebhyo bhinnā eva viśeṣā bhvantīti na kāraṇabhede'pi abhedastatkāryaviśeṣasya |

ta evaite kāraṇaśaktibhedā yathāsvaṁ prativiśiṣṭakāryajanane'vyavadheyaśaktitayā pratyupasthitāḥ kṣaṇikatvātsāmagrīkāryasya svabhāvasthityāśrayaityucyante | tathāhi tattebhyaḥ samastebhyaḥ upalambhātmakaṁ rūpagrahaṇaṁ pratiniyataṁ viṣayarūpaṁ ceti prativiśiṣṭasvabhāvamekameva jātam |

(2.14) apratirodhaśaktikeṣu anantarakāryeṣu anādheyaviśeṣeṇu kṣaṇikeṣu pratyayeṣu parasparaṁ kaḥ sahakārārthaḥ? na vai sarvatrātiśayotpādanaṁ sahakriyā kā tarhi? ekārthakaraṇaṁ yad bahūnāmapi | yathā'ntyasya kāraṇakalāpasya | tadeva mukhyaṁ sahakāritvaṁ sahakāriṇāṁ , tasyaivāntyasya kāraṇatvāt | tatra ca kṣaṇe ekasya svabhāvasyāvivekād viśeṣasya kartumaśakyatvāt, svabhāvāntarotpattilakṣaṇatvād viśeṣotpatteḥ | bhāvāntarajanane'ntyatvameva hīyeta | tataśca na sākṣātkāraṇaṁ syāt | tasmānna kāraṇasya sahakāribhyo viśeṣasyotpattiḥ | te samarthā eva svabhāvato'ntyāḥ pratyayāḥ saha jāyante kṣaṇikā yeṣāṁ prākpaścātpṛthagbhāvo nāsti, yebhyaścānantarameva kāryamutpadyate | tatra ekārthakriyaiva sahakāritvam |

(2.15) samarthaḥ kuto jāyata iti cet | svakāraṇebhyaḥ | tāni enamaparasannidhāna evaṁ kiṁ janayanti? kadācidanyathā'pi syuḥ tataścaiko'pi kvacit janayed iti cet | aparāpara pratyayayogena pratikṣaṇaṁ bhinnaśaktayaḥ saṁskārāḥ santanvanto yadyapi kutaścitsāmyātsarūpāḥ pratīyante tathāpi bhitra evaiṣāṁ svabhāvaḥ | tena kiñcideva kasyacit kāraṇam |

tatra yo'vyavadhanādideśo rūpendriyādikalāpaḥ sa vijñānajanane samartho hetuḥ | yasteṣāṁ parasparopasarpaṇādyāśrayaḥ pratyayaviśeṣaḥ sa taddhetujanane samarthaḥ teṣāṁ ca na pūrvaṁ na paścātra pṛthagbhāva iti samarthānapi pūrvāparapṛthagbhāvbhāvino doṣā nopalīyante | tena yasteṣāṁ parasparopasarpaṇādihetuḥ sa samarthasya heturiti tatra na kadācidanyathābhāvaḥ |

(2.16) anena nyāyena sarvatra hetuphalabhāvapratiniyamo draṣṭavyaḥ pratikṣaṇamanyānyasvabhāvabhedānvayinīṣu śaktiṣu, na tu sthiraikasvabhāveṣu bhāveṣu svabhāvasyānyathātvāsaṁbhavāt | samarthāsamarthasvabhāvayoḥ kriyākriyānupapatteḥ | anyasahitaḥ karoti na kevala iti cet | kiṁ kevalasya kāryajanane'samarthaḥ svabhāvaḥ? samartha iti cet | kiṁ na karoti? akurvan kathaṁ samarthaḥ? kuvindādayaḥ paṭādikriyāyāṁ samarthā api na sarvatra kurvantīti cet | krīḍanaśīlo devānāṁ priyaḥ sukhaidhitaḥ kṛtamapi punaḥ punaḥ kārayati, tathāhi bījādivad ityanena nirloṭhitameva |

tasmātsvabhāvasyānyathātvāsambhavāt taddharmaṇaḥ tathābhāvaḥ antyāvasthāvadanivāryaḥ |

antyāvasthāyāṁ prāgasamarthasya sāmarthyotpattau tasya sāmarthyasya tatsvabhāvatve'pūrvotpattirevasā | atatsvabhāvatve saḥ akāraka eva sāmarthyākhyātpadārthāntarāt kāryotpattyabhyupagamāt |

(2.17) api ca yo'sau sakaleṣu sahakāriṣu karoti sa tadaiva kasmāt karoti | ? kurvan dṛṣṭastena karotīti brūmaḥ | aho mahāsāmarthyaṁ mahāprabhāvasya darśanaṁ yasmādatatsvabhāvān api bhāvān svabhāvamātreṇa nānāprakāreṣu vyāpāreṣu niyuṅkte | yadi nāma kiñcit kathañcidatrabhavato darśanaviṣayatām atikrāmet, hanta aprasavadharmakamapetasantānaṁ syaditīyaṁ cintā cittaṁ dunoti |

na vai vayam atatsvabhāvānāṁ bhāvānām asmaddarśanavaśāt kāryakriyāṁ brūmaḥ kintu svabhāvenaiva te kāryakāraṇadharmāḥ , tān paśyantaḥ kevalaṁ jānīmahe te ete kārakasvabhāvā iti |

(2.18) satyam idamapyasti, svabhāvasteṣāṁ kāryakriyādharmā tena samastapratyayānāmakṛtvā kāryaṁ nopekṣāpattiriti | so'kṣepakriyādharmā svabhāvaḥ kiṁ teṣāṁ tadaivāntyāvasthāyāmutpanna āhosvit prāgapyāsīt? āsīt, apracyutā nutpatrasthiraikasvabhāvānā kadācit kasyacitsvabhāvasyābhāvavirodhāt | tatkimidānīṁ mātā ca vandhyā ca asti? ko vāsya bhāṣitasyārthaḥ- akṣepakriyāsvabhāvaḥ kāryaṁ ca na karotīti |

(2.19) sahitaḥ svakāryajananasvabhāvaḥ na kevala iti cet | anyastarhi kevalo'nyaśca sahitaḥ svabhāvabhedāt | svabhāvabheda eva hi bhāvabhedasya lakṣaṇam | na hi sa sāhitye'pi pararūpeṇa kartā syāt | svarūpaṁ ca tasya prāgapi tadeveti kathaṁ kadacit kriyāvirāmaḥ |

yasyāpi bhāvah kṣaṇikaḥ tasyāpi kasmāt kevalo na karoti? yadi bhavet kuryādeva | kathaṁ na bhavati? kṣaṇikatvāt | uktaṁ yādṛśasya kriyā | sa kathamekakṣaṇabhāvī anyathā bhavet? yaśca bhavati sa eva na bhavatīti nāyaṁ prasaṅgaḥ kārakākārakayoḥ svabhāvataddhetvorvirodhāt |

(2.20) yo'pi manyate- akṣepakriyādharmaiva sa tasya svabhāvaḥ, na sa sāhityamapekṣate, kāryaṁ tu pratyayāntarāpekṣamiti sahitebhya eva jāyate na kevalebhya iti, tasyāpi kathaṁ- sa bhāvaḥ kevalo'pi karotyeva? kāryaṁ ca tasmātrotpadyate iti tadavastho virodhaḥ | na kevalaḥ karotyeveti cet | kathamidānīmakṣepakriyāsvabhāvaḥ | nanu etadeva paridīpitaṁ bhavati, karotyeveti | kāryaṁ cāyaṁ kevalo'pi samarthaḥ san paramapekṣamāṇaṁ kathamupekṣeta? paramanādṛtyaitat prasahya kuryāt | evaṁ hi anenātmanaḥ sāmarthyaṁ darśitaṁ bhavati | kāryaṁ paramapekṣata iti tataḥ kevalād anutpattimasya kathayasi sa kevalo'pi samarthasvabhāva iti tataḥ utpattiṁ brūṣe, ete ca kathamevatraṁ syātām? tadayamīrṣyāśalyavitudyamānamarmā viklavaṁ vikrośatītyupekṣāmevārhati |

tasmādidamekārthakriyālakṣaṇaṁ sahakāritvaṁ kṣaṇikānāmeva bhāvānām | na tu akṣaṇikānāṁ yeṣāṁ pṛthagapi bhāvaḥ sambhavati pṛthak kāryakaraṇasambhavena sahakāritvaniyamāyogāt |

(2.21) yatra tu santānopakāreṇa bhāvāḥ hetutāṁ pratipadyante, yathā taṇḍulabījādibhya odanāṅkurādijanmani dahanodakapṛthivyādayaḥ , tatra santānāśrayeṇa viśeṣotpādanaṁ pratyayānāṁ sahakriyocyate na dravyāśrayeṇa, kṣaṇike dravye viśeṣasyānutpatteḥ | nahi taṇḍulādīnāṁ viśeṣānutpattau dahanādibhāve'pi odanajanma syāt | tathā prabhāsvarādapavarakaṁ praviṣṭasya yadīndriyaṁ svopakāribhyo'tiśayaṁ krameṇa na pratipadyeta tadā prāgivārthapratilpattiṁ naiva janayet |

akṣepakāriṣu indriyādiṣu na viśeṣotpattiḥ parasparataḥ sambhavati | tatra yathāsvaṁ pratyayaiḥ parasparopasarpaṇādyāśrayairye yogyadeśādyavasthā jātāste saha svabhāvaniṣpattyā jñānahetutāṁ pratipadyante ityekārthakriyaiva sahakāritvam |

(2.22) yatra tu viśeṣamutpādayantaḥ sahakāriṇaḥ pratyayāḥ tatra hetusantānaḥ pratyayāntarāṇyapekṣata iti tataḥ svabhāvāntarasya pratilambhaḥ | tatra svarasataḥ hetupratyayānāṁ pūrvopanipātakṣaṇānāṁ nivṛttau tebhya eva viśiṣṭakṣaṇotpattirevaṁ krameṇa yāvadatyantātiśayavato'ntyakāraṇakalāpāt kāryotpattiḥ |

(2.23) sahakāriṇaḥ samutpatraviśeṣātkāraṇātkāryotpattau tasyaiva viśeṣasyotpattirna syāt | aviśiṣṭādviśeṣotpattau kāryasyāpi syāt | tataśca parasparaviśeṣotpādānapekṣiṇa eva sahakāriṇaḥ kāryaṁ kurvīran | tenākṣaṇikānāmapi sahakārisāpekṣāṇāṁ kāraṇatā syāt | apekṣaṇīyebhyaḥ svabhāvātiśayotpattiśca na syāt |

atha sahakāriṇā kāryotpādānuguṇaviśeṣajananāya kṛtaviśeṣa evopattiṣṭheta | evaṁ satyanavasthā syāt | na ca sahakāriṇaḥ parasparakāryotpādānuguṇaviśeṣotpādane nityaṁ yogyāvasthāḥ, yena nityānuṣakta eṣāṁ viśeṣaḥ syāt | tadupāyāpāyayoḥ kāryasyotpattyanutpattidarśanāt | tenādyo viśeṣaḥ sahakāribhyo nirupakārasya notpadyata iti cet |

nāsmākaṁ punaḥ punarabhidhāne'pi kaścidudvego bhavati yadyevamapi lokasya nyāyapratītirbhavati | hanta tarhi ucyatām | na viśeṣotpādanāt sahakāriṇāṁ sahakāritvaṁ paramārthataḥ sambhavati | yataḥ tadabhāvādviśeṣe kartavye sahakāritāvirahaḥ syāt |

(2.24) atha kathamekārthakriyā'pi bhavet sāpi na bhavet parasparato viśeṣarahitānām | atha bhavet, pṛthagapi sā bhavet | tathāca, tasmād viśeṣād bhavanaśīlaṁ kāryamapi kevalāt syāditi cet | atroktamuttaraṁ pratikṣaṇamaparāparaiḥ pratyayaiḥ yathā bhāvasantāne viśeṣasyotpattiḥ, yogyadeśatādyavasthāviśeṣāḥ kāryakaraṇaśīlāḥ, teṣāṁ ca yata utpattiḥ, pratyekaṁ ca sāmarthye'pi kevalānāmakriyā, kartṛviśeṣasya pṛthagekaikasya bhāvasyābhāvāt | kāryadvaividhyaṁ ca sahakāribhiḥ akṣepakārindriyavijñānavacca kāryakāraṇayoḥ svabhāvabhedāditi sarvamuktam |

( 2.25) tatra sahakāribhyaḥ santānopakārāpekṣakāraṇakāryajanmani sahakāriṇāmādyo viśeṣaḥ sahakārikṛtaviśeṣajanmā na bhavati, anantarakāryavat, tataḥ ye viśeṣā jāyante te tajjanmānaḥ tatprakṛtitvāditi nānavasthā |

tathā yadyakṣaṇiko'pi bhāvaḥ kārya karoti, karotu nāma, sa yadi akṣepakartṛdharmā, tadā pṛthagbhāvasya sambhavātkevalo'pi tathā syād ityuktam | atatsvabhāvastu tadāpyakāraka eva |

tasmādakṣaṇikānāṁ kāraṇānām ekārthakriyayā na kaścit sahakāritvaniyamaḥ | nāpi santatyopakāreṇeti na tasya kaścitsahakārīti kevalo'pi kuryāt | prāyastu saṁghātasthāyī bhāvasantānaḥ sahakāripratyayairupajanitaviśeṣaḥ svakāryaṁ kurvan dṛṣṭo bījādivat | tatsthirahetuvādino hetoḥ pratyayāntarāpekṣakārakasya vyaktaṁ svabhāvāntarasyotpattiḥ | kārakasvabhāvasya prāgapi sattve'kriyā na yujyate |

(2.26) tasmādyo yadātmā sa svasattāmātreṇa tādṛśo bhavati na bhūtvā tadbhāve parābhisaṁskāramapekṣata iti svabhāvato'sthitidharmaṇo bhāvasya na kiñcitrāśakāraṇaiḥ | sthitidharmaṇo'pi bhāvasya na nāśakāraṇaiḥ kiñcit svabhāvānyathātvasya kenacit kartumaśakyatvāt | tadanyathātvapratipattau sa tatsvabhāva eva na syāditi pūrva eva vikalpaḥ syāt | tatra ca prāgevoktaṁ dūṣaṇam |

yaśca parasmādanyathābhāvaḥ so'paraḥ svabhāvaḥ yaścāparaḥ sa kathaṁ tasya syāt? svabhāvabhedo hi vastubhedalakṣaṇam | tathā ca yaḥ sthitidharmā jātaḥ na tasyānyathābhāvaḥ syāt |

etena kaṭhinādīnāṁ tāmrādīnām agnyādeḥ dravatvādisvabhāvāntarotpattiḥ pratyuktā | tatrāpi pūrvakasya svarasanirodhitvādvināśe 'gnyāderupādānāccāpara eva dravādisvabhāvaḥ utpannaḥ |

(2.27) sa svayaṁ sthitidharmaiva svahetubhirjanitaḥ, vināśahetorasambhave 'vasthānāt | tasya parasmādvināśo bhavati iti | na ca vināśo nāmāparaḥ svabhāvaḥ, bhāvacyutireva vināśaḥ iti cet |

nedaṁ vikalpadvayamatikrāmati -kiṁ nityo bhāva utānityaḥ | prāṅnityo bhūtvā paścādanityo bhavatīti ca bruvāṇo bhāvadvayaṁ cāha nityānityasvabhāvabhedam | prāktanasya nityābhimatasya svabhāvasya svayaṁ nāśaṁ bruvāṇaḥ sarvadaiva nāśamanāśaṁ ca prāheti pūrvasmin vināśaheturasamartha eva |

na prāṅnityo bhūtvā paścādanityaḥ bhavati, kiṁ tarhi, paścādapi nitya eva, ekasvabhāvatvāt | sa tarhi bhāvaḥ svabhāvena nāśamanāviśan kathaṁ naṣṭo nāma? tatsvabhāvavināśayoḥ aparaspararūpatvāt | tasmāt satyasya vināśe vināśasvabhāvena tena bhavitavyaṁ, tathāpi vināśaheturvyartha ityuktam | tena svabhāvato naścare'naśvare vā bhāve na vināśahetorupayogaḥ |

(2.28) tasmādvināśaṁ pratyanapekṣo bhāvastadbhāvaniyataḥ iti yaḥ san sa vināśī naśvaratāyā nivṛttau sattvanivṛtirityanvayavyatirekasiddhiḥ |

svabhāvato naśvaratve'pi kaścidatatsvabhāvo'pi syāt | na hi sarvaḥ sarvasya svabhāva iti na tatribandhanā'nvayavyatirekāsiddhiriti cet | na, akṣaṇikatve'vastutvaprasaṅgāt | śaktirhi bhāvalakṣaṇam | sarvaśaktivirahaḥ punarabhāvalakṣaṇam | na caivākṣaṇikasya kvacit kācit śaktirasti, kramayaugapadyābhyāṁ kāryakriyāśakti virahāt | itthaṁ ca yat sattat kṣaṇikameveti vyāptisiddhiḥ |

(3.1) arthāntare gamye kāryaṁ heturavyabhicārāt | kāryakāraṇabhāvena gamakatve sarvathā gamyagamakabhāvaḥ syāt, sarvathā janyajanakabhāvād iti cet | na | tadabhāve bhavatastadutpattiniyamābhāvāt | tasmāt kāryaṁ svabhāvairyāvadbhiravinābhāvi kāraṇe teṣāṁ hetuḥ | tatkāryatvaniyamāt | taireva ca dharmairye tairvinā na bhavanti | aṁśena janyajanakabhāvaprasaṅga iti cet | na, tajjanyaviśeṣagrahaṇe'bhimatatvāt liṅga viśeṣopādhīnāṁ ca sāmānyānām | aviśiṣṭasāmānyavivakṣāyāṁ vyabhicāra iti gamakatvaṁ neṣyate |

(3.2) kasyacitkadācitkutaścidbhāve'pi sarvastādṛśastathāvidhajanmeti kuto'vasitam, tathā ca nānvayavyatirekāviti cet | na, atadbhāvinastasya sakṛdapi tato'bhāvāt | parasparāpekṣayā janyajanakasvabhāvalakṣaṇe kāryakāraṇe | tatra yadi dhūmo'gnyādisāmagjyā anyato'pi bhavettadā tasya tajjanyaḥ svabhāvo na bhavatīti sakṛdapi tato na bhavet | arthāntaravat | nāpi sāmagrī taṁ janayed atajjananasvabhāvatvāt | sāmagjyantaravat | na ca dhūmasya tadatajjanyaḥ svabhāvo yuktaḥ | ekasvabhāvatvāt | dhūmādhūmajananasvabhāvād bhavato dhūmādhūmasvabhāvaḥ syāt | kāryasvabhāvānāṁ kāraṇasvabhāvakṛtatvāt | akāraṇāpekṣaṇe cāhetukatvaprasaṅgāt | tasmādyo dhūmajananaḥ so'gnyādisāmagrīviśeṣo yaḥ agnyādisāmagrīviśeṣeṇa janitaḥ sa eva dhūmo bhavatīti kāryakāraṇayorevaṁ svabhāvasya niyamāt tadvijātīyādutpattirna bhavati |

tadyādṛśaṁ kāryaṁ yādṛśāt kāraṇād dṛṣṭamekadā tattanna vyabhicarati | tena siddhe kāryakāraṇabhāve kāryasya kāraṇena vyāptiḥ siddhā bhavati |

(3.3) nanu vijātīyādapi kiñcid bhavad dṛṣṭaṁ tadyathā go mayādeḥ śālūkādiḥ | na vijātīyādutpattiḥ | tathāvidhameva hi tādṛśāmādinimittamiti na kāraṇabhedaḥ | prabandhena vṛttau tu śarād bhavati | asti ca gomayetarajanmanoḥ svabhāvabhedaḥ rūpasyābhede'pi | na hi ākāratulyataiva bhāvānāṁ tattve nimittam, abhinnākārāṇāmapi keṣāñcidanyato viśeṣājjātibhedadarśanāt | anyathā hi vilakṣaṇāyā api sāmagrayā avilakṣaṇakāryotpattau na kāraṇabhedābhedābhyāṁ kāryabhedābhedāvityahetukau viśvasya bhedābhedau syātām | tathā hi na bhedādbheda iti abhedādapi nābhedaḥ | tadvyatiriktaśca na kaścidbhāvasvabhāva ityahetukatvādbhāvānāṁ nityaṁ sattvamasattvaṁ vā syāt | apekṣayā hi bhāvāḥ kādācitkā bhavanti | vyavasthāvāṁśca sādhyeṣu sādhananiyogo na syāt | kāraṇaśaktipratiniyame hi kiñcideva kasyacit sādhanāyopādīyeta, nāparaṁ, tasyaiva tatra śakteḥ, anyasya cāśakteḥ tayostajjananetarasvabhāvatvena bhedāt | tajjananasvabhāvavilakṣaṇādapi tasyotpattau na tajjananaśaktipratiniyama iti yat kiñcit yataḥ kutaścitsyāt | tajjananaśaktisāmye tu tadeveti na kāryaṁ duṣṭaṁ kāraṇaṁ vyabhicarati |

(4.1) upalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptasyānupalabdhirabhāvasyābhāvavyavahārasya vā hetuḥ |

atropalabdherupalabhamānadharmatve tajjñānamupalabdhiḥ | tasmādanyopalabdhiranupalabdhirvivakṣitopalabdheranyatvāt, abhakṣyāsparśanīyavatparyudāsavṛttyā | upalabhyamānadharmatve svaviṣayavijñānajananayogyatālakṣaṇo viṣayasvabhāvaḥ upalabdhiḥ | yogyatāyā bhāvasvarūpatvāt | tasmādanya upalambhajananayogya evānupalabdhiḥ pūrvavat | yatra yasmitrupalabhyamāne niyamena yasyopalabdhiḥ bhavati yogyatāyā aviśeṣāt satatsaṁsṛṣṭaḥ ekajñānasaṁsargāt | tayoḥ satornaikarūpaniyatā pratipattirasambhavāt | tasmādaviśiṣṭayogyatārūpayoḥ ekajñānasaṁsargiṇostayoḥ parasparāpekṣamevānyatvamihābhipretaṁ, pratyāsatterāśrayaṇāt |

sa kevalastadapekṣayā tadanyaśceducyate tadā tajjñānaṁ tatsvabhāvo vā jñātṛjñeya dharmalakṣaṇā'nupalabdhiḥ | sā'bhāvaṁ pratiyogino'bhāvavyavahāraṁ vā sādhayati |

(4.2) kathamanyabhāvastadabhāvo yena bhāvarūpānupalabdhirabhāvamabhāvavyavahāraṁ vā sādhayediti cet | uktamatra yathā paryudāsavṛttyā'pekṣātaḥ tadvivikto'rthastajjñānaṁ vā'bhāvo'nupalabdhiścocyata iti | na pratiṣedhamātraṁ, tasya sādhanāsiddherabhāvavyavahārāsiddhiprasaṅgāt | tasyāsaṁsṛṣṭarūpasya bhāvasiddhirevāparasyābhāvasiddhirityanyabhāvo'pi tadabhāva iti vyapadiśyate | anyabhāvalakṣaṇo'bhāvaḥ svayaṁ pramāṇasiddhastadabhāvavyavahāraṁ sādhayet, tatsiddhisiddho veti na kaścidviśeṣo yenānupalabdhyā'bhāvavyavahārasiddhervirodhaḥ syāt |

(4.3) sa evānyabhāvastadviṣayā copalabdhistadabhāvasya kiṁ na sādhanam? kiṁ punarabhāvasya siddhireva tadabhāvasiddhiḥ? iti cet | apṛthaksiddheḥ sambandhābhāvācca |

anyabhāvastāvatra sādhanam | yatsiddhau yasya na siddhistattasya liṅgaṁ bhavati dhūmāgnivat | anyabhāvasiddhayaiva tadabhāvaḥ prasidhyati , tasya tadanyāsaṁsṛṣṭarūpasya tattvavyavasthāpakena pramāṇenaivānyavyavaccedasiddheḥ |

(4.4) sambandhābhāvācca tacca tasya liṅgaṁ yadi syāt, tasya tena kaścitsambandho bhavet | yathā kṛtakatvasyānityatvena ekārthasamavāyo dhūmasya vā liṅginaikārthasamavāyaḥ | ādhārādheyabhāvo vā janyajanakabhāvo vā | naivaṁ kaścid bhāvābhāvayoḥ sambandhaḥ yenāsyānyabhāvaḥ sādhanaṁ syāt |

asti viṣayaviṣayibhāvaḥ śabdārthasambandhavaditi cet | śabdārthayoḥ tatpratipādanābhiprāye sati tatprayogāt kāryakāraṇalakṣaṇo'vinābhāvalakṣaṇo vā sambandhaḥ syāt | ayaṁ cātra na sambhavati yataḥ viṣayaviṣayibhāvaḥ syāt | siddhe hi tayoḥ sādhyasādhanabhāve tanmukhena viṣayaviṣabhibhāvaḥ syāt | sa eva cāsati sambandhe na sidhyati | anyathetaretarāśrayamidaṁ syāt |

(4.5) anyabhāvāccābhāvasiddhāvasamudāyaśca sādhyaḥ syāt | tathā ca ghaṭābhāvastadanyabhāvāt iti ghaṭasya sarvatra sarvadā cābhāvaḥ prasajyeta | na, pradeśādirdharmī ghaṭābhāvena viśeṣyata iti tadviśeṣaṇabhūto'bhāvaḥ sādhyate na tu kevalaḥ | tato nāsamudāyasya sādhyatā | na ca liṅgaliṅganorasambandhaḥ, anyabhāvasya pradeśādinā sambandhād iti cet | na, pradeśāderevānyabhāvatvāt | yatraiva hi pradeśādau yatrāstīti ucyate sa eva tenāsaṁsṛṣṭo'nyabhāvaḥ | taddarśanādevāsya ghaṭo nāsti iti vikalpo bhavati iti kathaṁ tasyaiva liṅgaliṅgibhāvaḥ?

(4.6) na cātra sāmānyaviśeṣabhāvakalpanā sambhavati yena sāmānyaṁ heturbhaved viśeṣo dharmāti, tadviśeṣapratipattereva tadabhāvasya pratīteḥ, tasyānyatrānvayasyābhāvāt pratijñārthaikadeśatvācca na hetutā | na ca yatra pradeśamātraṁ tatra ghaṭābhāvaḥ | tādṛśe kevale pradeśe sarvatrābhāva iti cet | nanu tasyaiva kaivalyaṁ ghaṭavirahaḥ | sa ca tatpratipattāveva siddha iti kasya idānīṁ talliṅgam? anvayasyānugamanamapi nirarthakam | tasmādanyabhāvo na sādhanamabhāvasya |

(4.7) asti virodhaḥ sambandhaḥ tato'nyabhāvādabhāvasya siddhiḥ iti cet | kena kasya virodho'nyabhāvena pratiyoginaḥ kiṁ nu vai pratiyogī pramātumiṣṭo yena liṅgaliṅganorvirodhaḥ sambandhaḥ syāt? abhāvastupratiyogino ghaṭasya anyabhāvena aviruddhaḥ sahāvasthānāt | tasmin prameye liṅgaliṅginoḥ kathaṁ virodhaḥ? tasmātsambandhābhāvaḥ | atrāpi asamudāyasādhyatvaṁ tadavastham |

(4.8) nanu anyabhāvatadabhāvayorasati sambandhe'nyabhāvagatyāpi tadabhāvagatirna syāditi cet | na vai kutaścit sambandhādanyabhāvastadabhāvagamaka iṣṭaḥ kintu anyabhāva eva tadabhāvo yathoktaṁ prāk | tasyānyāsaṁsṛṣṭarūpasya kevalasyaikātmavyasthitasya tadātmanā pariccedasyaivānyavyavaccedatvāt tasya kaivalyamevāparasya vaikalyamiti tadanyabhāva eva tadabhāvaḥ | tataśca tatpratipattireva tadapratipattiḥ | anyathā tasya pariccedena tato'nyasya avyavaccede tatparicceda eva na syāt | tadatadrūpayoravivekāt | ya eva vyavahāraḥ kasyacitkvaceddeśe darśanāt prāptiparihārārthaḥ sa na syāt | na hyayamanalaṁ paśyatrapi kevalam analameva paśyatīti kathaṁ salilārthī tatra na praverteta? anupalambhena salilābhāvaḥ pratīyata iti cet | ko'yamanupalambho nāma? yadi salilopalambhābhāvaḥ tadā kathamabhāvaḥ kasyacitpratipattiḥ pratipattiheturvā? tasyāpi kathaṁ pratipattiḥ? tasya tato vā'nyasya kasyacidapyapratipattāvapi yadyabhāvaḥ pratīyate tadā svāpamadamūrccāvyavadhānapṛṣṭhībhāvādyavasthāsvapi kiṁ na pratīyate? ityetacca vicāritaṁ pramāṇaviniścaye |

tasmādayamanalaṁ paśyatrapi analo'yaṁ salilam iti nādhyavasyatīti na tiṣṭhetrāpi pratiṣṭheta | tataśca dustaraṁ vyasanaṁ pratipattuḥ syāt |

( 4.9) tata evaikasya darśanād anyābhāvagatiścet kathamekaṁ dṛṣṭamanyatrāstīti pratyāyayati? tasyaiva kevalasya darśanād iti cet | idamevāsmābhiḥ prāgabhihitaṁ kasmāttavātra paruṣamivābhāti? tasmāttīrādarśineva śakuninā dūraparyaṭayāpi pratyāgantavyamityalam avidyamānapratiṣṭhānayā diśaḥ pratipattyā |

(4. 10) yadyekapariccedādevānyavyavaccedaḥ sidhyati tadā sarvasyānyasya aviśeṣeṇa tatrābhāvasiddhirbhavet | na tu tulyayogyāvasthasyaiva | upalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptasyānupalabdhirabhāvasādhanīti ca viśeṣaṇaṁ na vaktavyam, anupalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptānāmapi tatra vyavaccedāt |

(4.11) ekātmapariccedāt tasya tadanyātmavyavaccedo bhavati tadātmaniyatapratibhāsajñānāt na hi tadātmā tadanyasyātmā bhavati | anyātmāvyavaccede pravṛttinivṛttyoḥ abhāva iti pūrvaḥ prasaṅgaḥ | taṁ ca deśakālasvabhāvāvasthāniyataṁ tadātmanopalabhamānā buddhiḥ tathātvapracyutimasya vyavaccinati | evaṁ hi taddeśādiniyataḥ pariccitro bhavati, yadi anyathābhāvo vyavaccinno bhavatiḥ tathātvaṁ ca tasyaiva bhavati nānyasyeti anyathābhūtāttathābhūtaṁ vyavaccindatyeva tat pariccinati | evamekapramāṇavṛttiḥ sarvabhāvān dvairāśye vyavasthāpayati | tasyānvayavyatirekabuddhijanakatvenaiva sāphalyāt | tadvayatiriktāśeṣavyavaccedena vyāptisādhanādeva prakārāntarasyābhāvaḥ sidhyati | tasya tadanyatayā vyāptyabhāve tena tadarthāvyavaccedātpunarapi bhāvasyāpariccedaprasaṅgāt |

(4. 12) tasmātkvacitpramāṇaṁ pravṛttaṁ tat pariccinatti, tadanyad vyavaccināti, tṛtīyaprakārābhāvaṁ ca sūcayati iti ekapramāṇavyāpāra eṣaḥ | tathāhi kvacitpramāṇaṁ pravṛtaṁ tadeva tadanyasmād vyavaccinattī, tasyaiva pariccedāt | tadanyadeva ca tasmād vyavaccinatti anyasya tatra apariccedāt | atastadeva pramāṇaṁ prakārāntabhāvaṁ sādhayati, tasmin dṛṣṭatadanyatvena sarvasyaiva vyasthāpanāt , atadanyasyaiva ca tattvena vyavasthāpanāt |

etena kramākramādayo'pyanyonyavyavaccedarūpā vyākhytāḥ |

tadevamekasyopalambhāttasya tadanyātmano vyavaccedaḥ | na taddeśakālayoḥ sarvasyānyasya bhāvasya vyavaccedaḥ | tasmādatadatmā ca syāttaddeśakālaśca, rasarūpādivat |

tasmādyathoktādevānupalambhātkvacit kadācitkasyacidabhāvasiddhiḥ |

(4.13) anyabhāvaviṣayasyopalabdhirapi tadabhāvasya sādhikeṣṭaiva na tu liṅgatvena | tatrāpyabhāvasya pṛthak sādhyatve sambandhābhāvasya tulyatvāt | liṅgāvirbhāvakāla eva tadabhāvasiddheśca | na hi anyasya bhāvaṁ pratipadya tatpratipatteḥ anvayavyatirekau prasādhya tadabhāvaṁ pratipadyate | kiṁ tarhi? tadanyaṁ pratipadyamāna eva tadabhāvaṁ pratipadyate | darśanānantaram idamasti idaṁ tu nāsti iti vyavasthāpanāt | tacca tasya liṅgaṁ bhavati yasyānvayi vyatireko ca | dṛṣṭāntāsiddheḥ | na hi evaṁ śakyaṁ darśayituṁ yatra anyabhāvopalabdhistatra tadabhāvaḥ iti | tadekopalabdheḥ kvacidapyabhāvāt | sāmānyena pradarśane dṛṣṭānte'pi pramāṇāntaraṁ nāsti, kiṁtu saiva tadanyabhāvopalabdhiḥ sādhyadharmasya sādhiketi anavasthā dṛṣṭāntānāmityapratipattiḥ | tasmāt naiva kutaścilliṅgāt tadabhāvasiddhiḥ | so'nyabhāvaḥ pratyakṣalakṣaṇenānupalambhena siddhaḥ san mūḍhapratipattāvabhāvavyavahāraṁ sādhayed iti alaṁ prasaṅgena |

( 4.14) seyamanupalabdhistridhā | siddhe kāryakāraṇabhāve siddhābhāvasya kāraṇasyānupalabdhiḥ, vyāpyavyāpakabhāvasiddhau siddhābhāvasya vyāpakasyānupalabdhiḥ svabhāvānupalabdhiśca |

tatra kāraṇavyāpakayorapi abhāvavyavahāraḥ tadanyabhāvasiddhayaiva sidhyati | sa tathā siddhaḥ san kāryavyāpyayorabhāvam abhāvavyavahāraṁ vā sādhayati | svabhāvānupalabdhau tu anupalabdhyā liṅgabhūtayā abhāvavyavahāra eva sādhyate |

(4.15) yadi kāraṇavyāpakau tadanyabhāvasiddhayā'nupalabdhyā siddhāsad vyavahārāvanyasyābhāvamabhāvavyavahāṁra ca sādhayataḥ | sā ca tayorupalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptāvevāsadvyavahārasya sādhiketi kathaṁ tayoḥ parokṣe'rtheprayogaḥ? naiva prayogaḥ pramāṇatayā, liṇgasyāniścayāt | kevalaṁ kāraṇavyāpakayorhi siddhasambandhayoryadyabhāvaḥ parasyāpi avaśyamabhāvaḥ iti etasya darśanārthamete prayujyete iti |

eṣa eva pakṣadharmo'nvayavyatirekavān iti tadaṁśena vyāptaḥ trilakṣaṇa eva trividha eva heturgamakaḥ svaśādhyadharmāvyabhicārāt |

(5.1) ṣaḍliṅgo heturityapare | trīṇi caitāni abādhitaviṣayatvaṁ vivakṣitaikasaṁkhyatvaṁ jñātatvaṁ ceti |

tatrābādhitaviṣayatvaṁ tāvat pṛthag lakṣaṇaṁ na bhavati, bādhāvinābhāvayorvirodhāt | avinābhāvo hi satyeva sādhyadharme bhāvo hetoḥ | sa hetustallakṣaṇaḥ dharmiṇi syād atra ca sādhyadharmaḥ kathaṁ na bhavet?

pratyakṣānumāne hi sādhyadharmaṁ bādhamāne taṁ dharmiṇo niṣkāsayataḥ tasmiṁśca satyeva heturbhavan taṁ tatraivāvasthāpayatīti paraṁ bata bhāvānāmasvāsthyam |

anyatra sādhyadharmeṇāvinābhāvī heturna punaḥ sādhyadharmiṇeveti cet | tat kimayaṁ tapasvī śaṇḍhamudvāhya putraṁ mṛgayate? yasya dharmiṇyasatyapi sādhyadharme bhāvaḥ, tamupadarśya kathaṁ sa dharmī sādhyadharmavānityucyate?

(5.2) ata eva bādhābhāva uktaḥ | syādetad, yata eva heturanyathā'pi bhavedata eva pramāṇābhyāmabādhitadharmā dharmītyucyata iti |

tatkimidānīṁ hetoḥ sāmarthyam? abādhayaiva sādhyasiddhervyartho hetuḥ | bādhāyāmapi sādhyābhāvasya tena sādhanāt kutaḥ sādhanasya sāmarthyam | aniyame bādhakapramāṇavṛttau sādhyābhāvasya , bādhakapramāṇasyābhāvaḥ sādhyābhāvasya ca saṁbhavaḥ syāditi na sāmarthyamabādhāyāḥ |

(5.3) na bādhāyā abhāvo'bādhā | kiṁ tarhi? bādhāyā anupalabdhiḥ sā ca puruṣasya kvacid bādhāyāḥ saṁbhave'pi syāditi sa hetuprayogasya viṣayaḥ | kiṁ nu vai heturbādhopalabdherbibheti na punarbādhāyā yena bādhāmanādṛtya tadanupalabdhau prayoktavya iṣṭaḥ? sa tarhi paramārthena-'bādhā kimasti nāsti' ityanapekṣya bādhāyā anupalabdhau prayoktavyaḥ? kimarthaṁ prayujyate? sādhyasiddhayartham | sa kiṁ kvacit satyāmapi bādhāyāṁ sādhyaṁ sādhayed yenāsyā abhāvaniścayaṁ prati yatno na kriyate hetuśca pratyujyate | evaṁ ca sati abādhitaviṣayatvaṁ hetulakṣaṇaṁ na bhavati | bādhāyāmapi satyāmasya sāmarthyāt | tathā ca saṁśayitasya pravṛttirna yujyate | yathā ca bādhānupalabdhau tāmabhyupagamya prayujyate tathā tadupalabdhāvapi prayujyatām, abhyupagame viśeṣābhāvāt |

(5.4) na bādhāyāṁ satyāṁ hetoḥ sāmarthyamiti cet | yadyevam, anirṇītabādhā'sambhavo hetuḥ prayogaṁ hārhati, mā bhūt bādhāyāḥ saṁbhavapakṣe prayuktasyāpyasāmarthyamiti |

bādhānupalambhe sati sāmarthyamiti cet | kimupalambho bādhāṁ vyāpnoti, yato hetorbādhāsambhavakṛtam asāmarthyaṁ na sambhavet? atha tannivṛttau bādhā nivartate | tathāpi bādhānupalambhādeva sādhyāsiddhervyartho hetuḥ | anupalambhe bādhāyā asambhavāt | upalambhasya nivṛttāvapi bādhāyā anivṛttau tadavasthaṁ hetorasāmarthyamityaprayogaḥ |

tasmāt svasādhyabhāvābhāvādhyāmanyathāpi bhavanhetuḥ dharmiṇi na kiñcidbhāvayati na vibhāvayati iti tadupakṣepo na samarthaḥ | iti bādhāvinābhāvayorvirodhaḥ | tatrābādhā rūpāntaram |

(5.5) tatrāma tasmād viśeṣaṇāntaraṁ bhavet lakṣaṇāntaratvena copādānamarhati yasya bhāve'pi yasya aparasyābhāvaḥ syāt | tadyathā pakṣadharmatvaṁ sapakṣe ca bhāva iti | n acaitad abādhāyā avinābhāve sati sambhavati iti na sādhyaviparyayāvinābhāvinorhetuviruddhayorviṣaye bādhā saṁbhavati iti na tadabhāvaḥ pṛthaganayorlakṣaṇāntaratvena vācyaḥ | tasmād hetoḥ prayoge pratijñādoṣāṇāṁ saṁbhavo nāsti | nāpi kevalā pratijñaiva prayujyate | tataśca na pratijñādoṣā vācyāḥ |

(5.6) etena ekasaṁkhyāvivakṣā'pi pratyuktā |

katham? eko hi hetuḥ svasādhyabhāva eva bhavediti tatrāvyabhicārī tatraiva tasmādanyo'pi kathaṁ heturbhavati? ekasya yat sādhyaṁ tadabādhakasya dharmasya bhāva eva bhāvāditi bādhayā samānam |

(5.7) api ca | kiṁ yo vastuto'sambhavatpratihetuḥ sa samyagjñānasya viparyayasya vā heturiṣṭa āhosvidapradarśitapratihetuḥ? kiṁ cātaḥ?

yadyasambhavatpratihetuḥ aśakyaniścayatvādalakṣaṇametad hetvabhāvo vā | na hi aniścitātmanaḥ pratipādakadharmasya tallakṣaṇatvaṁ yathā sandigdhasya pakṣadharmatvasya | nāpi sandigdhalakṣaṇo heturbhavediti na kaścid heturbhavet |

tulye lakṣaṇe di dṛṣṭaḥ pratiyoginaḥ saṁbhavo'dṛṣṭapratiyogiṣu api śaṁkāmutpādayati viśeṣābhāvāt | sati vā viśeṣe sa viśeṣo hetorlakṣaṇam | yatastadviśeṣād heturekāntena nirastapratipakṣaḥ svasādhyaṁ niścāyayatīti atallakṣaṇo na hetuḥ syāt tathā ca vyarthā ekasaṁkhyāvivakṣā | ato viruddhāvyabhicāriṇo lakṣaṇaṁ hīyeta svalakṣaṇayuktayorhetvorekatra dharmiṇi virodhenopanipāte sati viruddhāvyabhicārī iti |

(5.8) na ca tasya viśeṣasya svarūpaṁ nirdiṣṭaṁ, yadrūpaṁ pratītya pratiyoginaḥ sambhavāsambhavāvutpaśyāmaḥ | tasmātrāstyevaṁ viśeṣa iti sarvatra śaṅkayā bhavitavyam |

dṛṣṭapratihetorapi hetoḥ prāgitareṇa na kaścidviśeṣo lakṣyate | na ca saṁbhavatpratihetūnāmapi sarvadā tasyopalabdhiḥ |

atiśayavatī tu prajñā pratihetūtprekṣiṇī dṛṣṭā | tenāniścayaḥ pratiyoginaḥ saṁbhavāsaṁbhavayoriti vastuto | sambhavatpratihetutvalakṣaṇasya aniścitatvātra kaścid hetuḥ syāt |

(5.9) athāpradarśitapratihetuḥ yathāha, "yadā tarhi śabdatvaṁ nityamabhyupagaccati tadāyaṁ hetureva syād yadyatra anityatvahetuṁ kṛtakatvādi kaścitra darśayed " iti | idamidānīṁ sumahad vyasanamāyātaṁ gurubhirabhihitatvādaprakāśyaṁ, nyāyamanupālayadbhirasaṁvaraṇīyamiti kaṣṭataraṁ vyasanaṁ kathaṁ nirvoḍhuṁ śakyeta? sa tāvadayaṁ hetuḥ vastūni svasādhyaprakṛtīni kṛtvā tatpramāṇakān puruṣān abhyudayaniḥ śreyasābhyāṁ yojayitvā punaśca pratibhāvatā puruṣeṇa hetvantaranidarśanena utkīlitasādhanasāmarthyaḥ tāni vastūni tadbhāvasampadastāṁśca puruṣān abhyudayaniḥ śreyasasampadaḥ pracyāvya bhraṣṭarājya iva rājā tapovanaṁ gaccatīti kimatra brūmaḥ |

(5.10) puruṣapratibhākṛtaṁ hi yadi sādhanatvaṁ syāt tadā na kiñcit sādhanamasādhanaṁ vā | sa ca heturyadi svabhāvatastaddharmabhāvī tadā kathamanyathā kriyeta? vastusvabhāvānyathābhāvasyābhāvāt | ekasya ca viruddhobhayasvabhāvasyābhāvāt | ataddharmabhāvī ca kathamanyadāpi sādhanaṁ kasyacit |

tasmāt svabhāvataḥ svasvasādhyāvinābhāvinoryathoktalakṣaṇayoḥ kāryasvabhāvahetvoḥ tallakṣaṇasya pratihetorasaṁbhavādalakṣaṇamekasaṁkhyāvivakṣā, vyavaccedyābhāvāt |

(5.11) jñānaṁ punarna liṅgasyātmarūpamiti kathaṁ liṅgalakṣaṇaṁ bhaviṣyati | kiṁrūpād hetoranumeyo'rtho jñātavya iti cintāyāṁ pratipatturavisaṁvādakalingasvarūpamabhidhīyate yasya darśanād ayaṁ pravibhāgena sādhanaṁ vyavasthāpya tasyeṣṭārthasaṁnidhānasaṁpratyayāt pravṛttimavalambate | tathā yadasyātmarūpaṁ tallakṣaṇaṁ na tu pararūpam |

pratipattijanmani upayogamātrāt tallakṣaṇatve prameyapuruṣādīnāmapi tallakṣaṇatvaṁ bhavet | na hi teṣvapi asatsu liṅgini jñānaṁ bhavati |

(5.12) niścitagrahaṇaṁ tarhi na kartavyam | na, tasyānyārthatvāt | sapakṣavipakṣayordarśanādarśanamātrato gamakaṁ hetumiccatāṁ naiva samartho heturbhavati satorapi darśanādarśanayoragamakatvadarśanāt | tena bhāvābhāvābhyāmeva gamako heturiti jñāpanārtha niścitagrahaṇam | tena pararūpaṁ liṅgasya lakṣaṇaṁ na bhavati, tena liṅgasya rūpaviśeṣānamidhānāt | tau hi bhāvābhāvau tadbhāvasādhakapramāṇavṛttyā boddhavyau, upāyāntarābhāvāt |

(5. 13) yadyapi bhāvābhāvavacanamātreṇa tatsādhanapramāṇavṛttiḥ ākṣipyate, anyathā tayoreva sattā' prasiddheḥ, jñānasattānibandhanatvājjñeyasattāvyavasthāyāḥ iti sarvatra jñeyasattāvyavasthaiva tatsādhanaṁ pramāṇamākarṣatiḥ parārthatvācca śāstrapraṇayanasyaḥ trirūpaṁ liṅgaṁ saṁvādakamiti tadrūpamapratipattṛṇāṁ tataḥ pravṛttirna bhavatīti paropalakṣaṇātvādeva pravartake jñānaṁ siddhamḥ tathāpi tāveva viśiṣṭau bhāvābhāvau kecid darśanādarśanamātreṇa vyavasthāpayantīti teṣāṁ niṣedhārtho'yaṁ niścitaśabdaḥ prayuktaḥ | satorapi bhāvābhāvadarśanayoḥ anvayavyatirekayoḥ saṁśayāt | tasmāt pratibandhasādhakapramāṇavṛttyaiva bhāvābhāvau sidhyata iti vipratipattinirāsārthamasmābhirniścitagrahaṇaṁ kṛtam |

yato'pi trairūpyavacanamātreṇa tatsādhanapramāṇākṣepasiddhiḥ, na jñānaṁ pṛthagato rūpāntaraṁ bhavati, tenaivāvagatatvād, upalayārthavat pakṣadharmatvāt |

(5.14) anvayavyatirekayorapi tarhi na pṛthakatvam, ekasya prayogādubhayagateriti cet | na | hetoḥ sapakṣāsapakṣayorbhāvābhāvau na parasparamākṣipataḥ | ekaṁ vākyamubhayaṁ gamayatītyucyate naiko'rthaḥ svabhāvo dvitīyasyeti | nanu tatraiva bhāva ityatra tadarthatayā tadabhāve'bhāvo gamyate, atadbhāve'vaśyamabhāva ityatra ca tadbhāve bhāva iti parasparākṣepa iti cet | vacanametat sāmarthyādubhayamākṣipati ekasyāpi niyamakhyāpakasya dvitīyākṣepanāntarīyakatvāt | na ca tāvatobhayorekasvabhāvatā | pṛthagabhidhānaṁ tu prayoganiyamārtham | na punaḥ kevalau bhāvābhāvau parasparamākṣipataḥ | niyamavantau ca na kevalau niyamasyobhayarūpatvāt |

(5.15) tasmāt tatraiva bhāva iti na bhāva evocyate itareṇāpi nā bhāva eva yena bhāvo'bhāvo vā dvitīyamākṣipet | naivaṁ jñānaṁ, paropalakṣaṇaśāstrāgṛhītajñānāt trailakṣaṇyādavyatirekāditi na lakṣaṇāntaram | tasmātra hetuḥ ṣaḍlakṣaṇaḥ |

hetubindurācāryadharmakīrtikṛtaḥ samāptaḥ |