atha prathamaṁ prakaraṇam

tarkaśāstram|

atha prathamaṁ prakaraṇam|

(śāstramāha) bhavān manyate'smadvacanamanyāyyamiti cedbhavato'pi vacanamanyāyyam| yadi bhavadvacanamanyāyyaṁ, tadāsmadvacanaṁ nyāyyam| yadi [bhavatocyate] bhavadvacanaṁ nyāyyaṁ, paramasmadvacanamanyāyyaṁ tanna yuktam| kiñca yadanyāyyaṁ tadetatsvato nyāyyaṁ, tasmād yadanyāyyaṁ tannāsti| yadi svato 'nyāyyaṁ tadetadanyāyyamasaccaiva, tasmādahamanyāyya[vādī] iti cedbhavatocyate tadayuktam|

anyacca| mama vacanamanyāyyamiti cedbhavatocyate, tato bhavānajña iti spaṣṭam| kuta iti cet| yadanyāyyaṁ tannirābhāsam| vacanaṁ nyāyābhāvādbhinnamabhinnaṁ vā ?| abhinnaṁ cedvacanamapi nāstīti mama vacanamanyāyyamiti bhavatā kathamucyate| atha bhinnaṁ, tato vacanaṁ nyāyyamiti mama vacanamanyāyyamiti kathaṁ bhavatocyate| vacanasvalakṣaṇakhaṇḍanācca| bhavatkhaṇḍanavacanamasmadvacanasya samakālīnamasamakālīnaṁ vā ? samakālīnaṁ cedasmadvacanakhaṇḍane'samarthaṁ, yathā gośṛṅge'śvakarṇau vā parasparaṁ khaṇḍayituṁ na śaknuvataḥ| samakālīnatvāt| asamakālīnañced, bhavataḥ khaṇḍanaṁ pūrvamasmadvacanaṁ paścāt| athāsmadvacanānuccāraṇāt, kiṁ bhavatā khaṇḍyate ?| tasmābhdavataḥ khaṇḍanamasidvam|

athāsmadvacanaṁ pūrvaṁ, bhavataḥ khaṇḍanaṁ tu paścād, evaṁ tarhyasmadvacanasidvatvāt kasya khaṇḍanaṁ bhaviṣyati ?| samakālīnañcet, tato'smadvacanaṁ bhavataśca khaṇḍanamityetayoretat khaṇḍanametacca khaṇḍanīyamiti viśeṣo na syāt| yathā nadīsamudravārisaṁyogakāle viśeṣāsambhavaḥ|

aparañca| bhavataḥ khaṇḍanaṁ svakhaṇḍanārthamasvakhaṇḍanārthaṁ vā ? svakhaṇḍanārthañcet, tataḥ svataḥ svārthahīnaṁ bhavedasmadvacananu siddham| asvakhaṇḍanārthañced, asiddham| kuta iti cet, svārthataḥ khaṇḍanāsidveḥ| siddhañcet, svārthahāniḥ parārthasidviśca|

kiñcāsmadvacanamanyāyyamiti ced, vacanameva na bhavet| vacanañcennaivānyāyyam| anyāyyamiti cet, tadvirudvam| yathā kumārī putravatīti| yato yadi kumārī putravatīti na sampadyate| yadi putravatī, tarhi naiva kumārī| kumārīti putravatīti cobhayaṁ virudvam| tasmānmama vacanamanyāyyamiti cedbhavatocyate tadayuktam| etatpunaḥ pratyakṣavirudvam| bhavānasmākaṁ vacanaṁ śrutvā'nyāyyaṁ manyate cet, tattarhi śrutatvātpratyakṣasiddham| pratyakṣaṁ hi balavattaraṁ tasmādbhavadvacanahāniḥ| yathā kaścinmanyeta śrotravijñānataḥ śabdasyānupalabdhiratha śrotravijñānataḥ śabdasyopalabdhiḥ pratyakṣasidveti, tadā pratyakṣasya balavattaratvāttadvacanahāniḥ|

anumānaviruddhaṁ caitat| mama vacanamanumānenopalabhyate cettato nyāyyamiti spaṣṭam| anyāyyaṁ hi vacanaṁ naiva vidyate| yadi vacanamasti tadā nyāyyamiti jñāyate| yathā kaścinmanyeta śabdo'nityo hetumattvāt| yacca hetumattadanityaṁ, yathā ghaṭaḥ| sa hetumattvādanityaḥ| yadi hetumāṁstadā'nityaḥ śabdo, yadi nityo naiva hetumān| ityanityatānumānasidvā| anumānabalānnityatahāniḥ| nyāyyamiti, yadvacanaṁ tannyāyyam| yannyāyyamityanumānasiddhaṁ, tadanyāyyamiti pratiṣidvam| lokavirudvaṁ caitat| yadbhavatoktaṁ mama vacanamanyāyyamiti tallokavirudvam| kasmāditi, loke hi caturvidhanyāyasatvāt| [tathā hi] hetuphalanyāyaḥ sāpekṣanyāyaḥ sādhananyāyastathatānyāyaśca|

hetuphalanyāyaḥ| yathā bījamaṅkuraśca|

sāpekṣanyāyaḥ| yathā dīrghaṁ hrasvaṁ, pitā putraḥ| sādhananyāyaḥ| yathā pañcāvayavavākyaṁ sādhanārtham| tathatānyāyastrividhaḥ| yathā'nātmatathatā'nityatātathatā nirodhatathatā ca| iha loke vacanaṁ phalaṁ, nyāyo heturiti| iha loke yadā phalaṁ dṛṣṭaṁ tadā sahetukaṁ jñātam| yadā vacanamupalabdhaṁ, tadā nyāyyaṁ jñātam| yanmama vacanamanyāyyamiti bhavatoktaṁ tallokavirudvam| anyāyyaṁ vacanamityasya nāstyavakāśaḥ|

yad bhavatoktaṁ mama vacanamanyahisaṁvāditvāditi tadidamidānīṁ bhavatā sārdhaṁ vicārya nirdhāryate| yadi kaścidanyadvadettadā tasya doṣaḥ syat| bhidyate bhavataḥ pratijñā'smatpratijñātaḥ| atha tadbhavataḥ svoktam| tadānyaduktam| tasmādbhavāneva doṣamāpadyate| yadi bhavadartho 'smaduktādanyastadānyatvadoṣo bhavata eva na tu mama| yadi nānyat, tarhi matpakṣatulyameva, tena nāstyanyatvam| athocyate mamānyaditi tanmithyā| anyaccānyasmānnānyadityananyatvam| yadyanyadanyasmādanyat, tato'nyanna bhavet| yathā manuṣyo goranyo na gaurbhavati, yadyanyadanyasmādanyat, tadā tadekaṁ bhavet| yadyekaṁ tato nānyat, tatkimucyate mamānyaditi| ataścaitanyāyyamiti| ahaṁ nyāyamavalambya bhavatā vivade| tasmādanyathāhaṁ vadāmi| yadyāvayorbheda eva na syānna tadā bhavatā vivādo'haṁ tu bhavadarthameva vadāmi|

sarvamuktamanyaditi ced, bhavatāpi kiñciduktamiti bhavānapyanyadvadatīti doṣo bhavata eva| yadi bhavato vākyaṁ nānyat, tarhi mamāpi vacanaṁ nānyaditi yad bhavatoktamahamanyadvadāmīti tadayuktam| atha bhavadvacanaṁ mithyaiva| śeṣaṁ pūrvavat| yad (bhavato)ktaṁ mama vacanamasiddhamiti tadidānīṁ (bhavatā sārdhaṁ) vicārya nirdhāryate| yadi vacanamasiddhaṁ, tadā tadeva vacanamasiddham| yadi vacanasyāsiddhatvaṁ, tadā vacanameva na prāptam| atha vacanaṁ na prāptaṁ, kathaṁ bhavatocyate mayā yaduktaṁ tadasiddhamiti| atha vacanaṁ prāptaṁ tatsidvameva syāt| yadi maduktamasiddhamiti bhavatocyate tadayuktam| yadi sarvaṁ vacanamasiddha, tarhi bhavaduktaṁ mama khaṇdanamapyasiddham| yadi bhavaduktaṁ khaṇḍanamasiddhaṁ na syāt, tarhi mama vacanamapi naivāsiddham| yadi (bhavato)cyate maduktamasiddhaṁ tadayuktam| yadasiddhaṁ tatsvata eva siddham| tasmānnāstyasiddham| yadyasiddha na svataḥ siddhaṁ, tadāsiddhaṁ na syāt| yadi siddhaṁ, nāstyasiddhaṁ, tato yad (bhavato)ktaṁ maduktamasiddhamiti tanniravakāśam| yadi bhavatocyate mama khaṇḍanamananubhāṣaṇameva tadā na mama matasyopalabdhi|

atha nopalabhyate mama mataṁ, tato mama khaṇḍanaṁ kartuṁ na śakyate| tadidānīṁ (bhavatā sārdhaṁ)vicārya nirdhāryate| yadi bhavān matkhaṇḍanaṁ nānubhāṣate, tadā bhavān khaṇḍanaṁ vaktuṁ na śaknoti| kiṁ punarmanyate bhavān khaṇḍanamananubhāṣya khaṇḍanaṁ śakyaṁ, athavā khaṇḍanamanubhāṣya khaṇḍanaṁ śakyam| yadi tāvad (bhavān) ananubhāṣya (khaṇḍanaṁ vaktuṁ śaknoti), ahamapyananubhāṣya khaṇḍanaṁ vaktuṁ śaknuyām| athavā khaṇḍanamanubhāṣya khaṇḍanaṁ vaktuṁ śakyaṁ, tadā sadaiva khaṇḍanānubhāṣaṇam syāt| kutaḥ ? khaṇḍanātpunaḥ khaṇḍanasyotpannatvāt| tadā khaṇḍanānavasthā| na ca sa kālo vidyate yatra na khaṇḍanānubhāṣaṇam| [ataḥ] yatra khaṇḍanaṁ vaktuṁ śakyate sa kālo nāsti|

aparañca khaṇḍanamiti khaṇḍanānnāma| yadi tatkhaṇḍanānubhāṣaṇānnāma khaṇḍanamiti vaktuṁ śakyate, ananubhāṣya tu khaṇḍanamiti vaktuṁ ja śakyate| tataḥ pūrvakhaṇḍanasya nāma paścādanubhāṣaṇaṁ prāptam| paravartikhaṇḍanaṁ nāma na tāvadanubhāṣaṇaṁ prāpnoti| tṛtīyantu dvitīyasya khaṇḍanasya nāmānubhāṣaṇaṁ prāptam| caturthaṁ tṛtīyasya khaṇḍanasya nāmānubhāṣaṇaṁ prāptam| iti sadānubhāṣaṇādanavasthā| ananubhāṣya khaṇḍanaṁ nāma vaktuṁ śakyamiti ced, ananubhāṣyāpi tataḥ prathamaṁ khaṇḍanaṁ nāma vaktuṁ śakyam| prathamaṁ khaṇḍanam nāmānanubhāṣya khaṇḍanaṁ nāma vaktuṁ śakyamiti cet, dvitīyamapi khaṇḍanaṁ nāmānanubhāṣya khaṇḍanaṁ nāma vaktuṁ śakyate| dvitīyaṁ khaṇḍanaṁ nāmānanubhāṣya khaṇḍanamiti vaktuṁ śakyata iti cet, prathamaṁ khaṇḍanaṁ nāmāpyananubhāṣya khaṇḍanaṁ nāma vaktuṁ śakyeta| kintu prathamaṁ khaṇḍanaṁ nāmāvaśyamanubhāṣyam| tasmātkhaṇḍanaṁ nāma vaktuṁ śakyate| atha dvitīyaṁ khaṇḍanaṁ nāmāpyavaśyamanubhāṣyaṁ, tadā khaṇḍanaṁ nāma vaktuaṁ śakyate natvananubhāṣya vaktavyam|

yadi punaḥ khaṇḍanamananubhāṣya vadet, khaṇḍanasya nigrahasthānāpattiḥ| yadi bhavān svakhaṇḍanaṁ nānubhāṣate, tato bhavaduktakhaṇḍanasya nigrahasthānāpattiḥ| yadi bhavān khaṇḍanamananubhāṣya khaṇḍanaṁ vadet, khaṇḍanaṁ vadaṁśca nigrahasthāne na patet, tadāhamapi khaṇḍanamananubhāṣya khaṇḍanaṁ vadanna nigrāhyaḥ| kiñca yadā bhavadvacanaṁ mama[mataṁ] khaṇḍayati, tadā'hamanubhāṣe| yadā tvahaṁ bhavanmataṁ khaṇḍayāmi tadā bhavānapyanubhāṣate| atha parasparānubhāṣaṇaṁ, na tadā khaṇḍanapratiṣṭhāpanam| yadi parasparānubhāṣaṇaṁ, tadā samyagarthahāniḥ| yathā potāvanyonyasambadvau samudravelāsamaye parasparasaṁgharṣeṇa dolāyamānau|

aparañca| sarve śabdā yadā mukhānnirgatāstadā naṣṭā eveti kathaṁ madvacanānubhāṣaṇam ?| atha śabdo vināśadharmā| apunarāgamanātpunarbhāṣaṇamaśakyam| atha śabdaḥ sthitiśīlastadānubhāṣaṇamaśakyaṁ, nityatvāt| naṣṭa iti cen, na kiñcidanubhāṣitavyaṁ tadabhāvāt| śabdo naṣṭa iti cet, tvadanubhāṣaṇāyaitanme vacanamiti yadbhavān bravīti sa kutarka eva|

yad(bhavato)ktaṁ madvacanaṁ pūrva, [bhavata] khaṇḍanaṁ tu paścāditi tadidānīṁ (bhavatā sārdhaṁ) vicārya nirdhāryate| yadi madvacanaṁ pūrvaṁ, khaṇḍanantu paścāditi tanyāyyam| kuta iti cen, madvacanaṁ pūrvaṁ bhavadvacanaṁ tu paścāditi| yadyasmadvacanaṁ paravartivacanaṁ khaṇḍayati, tato'smadartho viśiṣyate bhavadvacanasya tu hāniḥ| kiñca yadyucyate bhavatā sarvāṇi vacanāni pūrvavartīni khaṇḍanantu paravartīti, tadā bhavānapi pūrvameva vacanaṁ vadatīti paścātkhaṇḍanaṁ bhavet| yadi bhavadvacanasya pūrvavartitve'pi paścātkhaṇḍanaṁ nāsti, tarhi madvacanasya pūrvavartitve'pi, paścātkhaṇḍanaṁ na syāt| yacca khaṇḍanaṁ pūrvasya paravartīti svabhāvataḥ pūrvasya khaṇḍanaṁ na paścādasti| yadi svabhāvata eva pūrvasya khaṇḍanaṁ paścāt syāt, tadā pūrvaṁ paścādityubhe na syātām| tasmādyadbhavatoktaṁ pūrvasya khaṇḍanaṁ parabhāvīti tadayuktam| yadi svabhāvataḥ pūrvasya khaṇḍanaṁ na paścāt| hetvabhāvāt| tadā pūrvasyāpi khaṇḍanaṁ parabhāvi na bhavet| yadbhavatoktaṁ madvacanaṁ pūrvaṁ, khaṇḍanaṁ tu parabhāvi tanmithyā|

yadabhihitaṁ bhavatā, mayā hetvantaramuktamiti tadidānīṁ (bhavatā sārdhaṁ) vicārya nirdhāryate| yadi pūrvahetuṁ parityajya hetvantarapratiṣṭhāpanānnigrahasthānamāpadyate, tadā bhavān nigrahasthānamāpannaḥ| kathamiti ced, bhavatā pūrvahetuṁ parityajya hetvantarapratiṣṭhāpanāt| yadi hetvantarapratiṣṭhāpanādbhavato na nigrahasthānatvāpattistadā mamāpi tathā| kiñca maduktahetuto bhavaduktahetorbhedaḥ| yadyanyaṁ hetuṁ vadāmi tanmama nyāyyam| yadyanyaṁ hetuṁ na vadeyaṁ, tato bhavaddhetuṁ vadeyam| tato na pratipakṣatayā virodho'pi tvāvayostulyavacanataiva| yadi sadṛśa eva heturāvābhyāṁ pratiṣṭhāpitaḥ, tadā bhavānasmaddhetuṁ khaṇḍayatīti svahetumeva khaṇḍayati|

api ca yadi sarvāṇi vacanāni hetvantarāṇi syustadābhavaduktāni vacanānyapi hetvantarāṇi bhaveyuḥ| tataśca bhavato nigrahasthānāpattiḥ| atha vacanānyuccārayannapi na bhavān nigrāhyastarhi yadbhavatoktaṁ hetuṁ pratiṣṭhāpayannahaṁ nigrāhya iti tadayuktam|

yadbhavatoktamarthāntaraṁ vadāmīti tadidānīṁ (bhavatā sārdhaṁ) vicāryaṁ nirdhāryate| anyā me pratijñā, anyā ca bhavata iti yattannyāyyameva| athāhaṁ bhavataḥ pratipakṣatayā virodhītyarthāntaraṁ bravīmi| yadi matamasmadartho bhavadarthādananyastadā'smadartho bhavadarthapratipakṣatayā na virudvo| yadi bhavānasmadarthaṁ khaṇḍayati, tarhi bhavataḥ svārthasyaiva khaṇḍanaṁ bhavet| yadarthāntaraṁ na tatsvayamarthāntarama| tasmānnāstyarthāntaram| yadi tvarthāntaraṁ svayamevārthāntaraṁ, na tadārthāntaram| tasmādyadbhavatoktamahamarthāntaraṁ vadāmīti na yuktam| aparañca yaduktaṁ sarvaṁ tadarthāntarañcettadā bhavaduktamapyarthāntaraṁ bhavet| yadi bhavaduktamarthāntaraṁ na bhavettadā yadbhavatā pratijñātaṁ sarvamarthāntaramiti tadayuktam|

yad (bhavato)ktamahaṁ pūrvacanādananyadvacanaṁ vadāmīti tadidānīṁ (bhavatā sārdhaṁ) vicārya nirdhāryate| asmatpratijñā bhavatpratijñāyāḥ pratipakṣabhāvena viruddhā| yadasmatpratijñā bhavatpratijñāyāḥ pratipakṣabhāvena virudvā, tannyāyyam| kuta iti cet| sarvatrāhaṁ bhavadarthakhaṇḍanārthaṁ vadāmi, tasmādasmadvacanamananyat| yadi mayārthāntaramuktaṁ, tarhi bhavatpratijñā'smadarthādanyā| yadyahamarthāntaraṁ vadāmi tadā bhavadarthaṁ vadāmi| evantāvannāhaṁ bhavadviruddo| tataśca yadi bhavān māṁ khaṇḍayati, tarhi svārthasyaiva khaṇḍanam|

anyacca| yathā mayā pūrvamuktamanityaḥ śabda iti| etāni vacanāni vināśasvabhāvāni kṣayasvabhāvāni ca| idānīmanyadvacanamuccaryate| tataśca yadbhavatoktaṁ bhavān pūrvavacanaṁ vadatīti tanmithyā|

aparañca| yadbhavatoktaṁ maduktamananyaditi| tatra yadyahamanyadvadāmi tadā tadanyayat| yadyahamananyadvadāmi tadananyat| yadyahaṁ tadvadaṁstanna sādhayituṁ śaknomi, tadā yadbhavatoktamananyaditi tadyuktam| yacca (bhavato)ktaṁ mayā sarvamuktaṁ nānujñāyata iti tadidānīṁ (bhavatā sārdhaṁ) vicārya nirdhāryate| sarvaṁ nānujñāyata iti yaduktaṁ bhavatā etadvacanaṁ sarvasminnantarbhavati na vā ?| yadi tāvatsarvasminnantarbhavati tadā bhavān svayaṁ svoktaṁ nānujānāti| yadi svayaṁ nānujānātyasmadarthaḥ svata eva siddho bhavedbhavavacanasya tu hāniḥ syāt| atha sarvasminnāntarbhavati tadā tasya sarvatvameva na syāt| yadi sarvatvameva na bhavet, tadā bhavatā yadananujñātaṁ tatsarvam| yadi sarvamananujñātaṁ tadā'smadartho bhavatā naivānanujñātaḥ| asmadarthaḥ siddho bhavatastu sarvasya pratiṣedhaḥ|

iti prathamaṁ prakaraṇam|

atha dvitīyaṁ prakaraṇam

atha dvitīyaṁ prakaraṇam|

(śāstramāha) khaṇḍanasya trividhadoṣāpattiḥ| viparīnakhaṇḍanamasatkhaṇḍanaṁ viruddhakhaṇḍanañceti| yadi khaṇḍanametattrividhadoṣopetaṁ tadā nigrahasthānam|

[tatra] viparītakhaṇḍanam| yadi pratiṣṭhāpitaṁ khaṇḍanaṁ samyagarthena na saṁyuktaṁ syāttadā tadviparītakhaṇḍanamityucyate| viparītakhaṇḍanaṁ daśavidham| (1)sādharmyakhaṇḍanam (2) vaidharmyakhaṇḍanam (3) vikalpakhaṇḍanam (4) aviśeṣakhaṇḍanam (5) prāptyaprāptikhaṇḍanam (6) ahetukhaṇḍanam(7) upalabdhikhaṇḍanam (8) saṁśayakhaṇḍanam (9) anuktikhaṇḍanam (10) kāryabhedakhaṇḍanam|

1. [tatra] sādharmyakhaṇḍanam| vastusādharmyapratyavasthānaṁ sādharmyakhaṇḍanamityucyate|

(śāstramāha) śabdo'nityaḥ pratyanotpannatvādyathā ghaṭaḥ prayatnotpannaḥ| utpannaśca vinaṣṭaḥ| śabdo'pi tatheti śabdo 'nitya iti sthāpite prativādī prāha| yadi ghaṭasādharmyācchabdo'nityastadākāśasādharmyācchabdo nityaḥ syāt| tataścākāśavacchabdo nitya iti| [atra] sādharmyamamūrtatvam|

(śāstraṁ punarāha) śabdo 'nityaḥ prayatnotpannatvāt| yannityaṁ na tatprayatnenotpannaṁ yathākāśaṁ nityaṁ na prayatnenotpannam| śabdastu na tathā| tasmācchabdo 'nitya iti sthāpite prativādī prāha| yadi (śabdasya) nityākāśavaidharmyacchabdo'nitya iti, tadā kiṁ prāptam ?| yadyākāśasādharmyaṁ tato nitya eva śabda iti| sādharmyaṁ cāmūrtatvaṁ tasmānnityaḥ|

(śāstramāha) ete khaṇḍane viparīte'siddhe ca (khaṇḍane)| kuta iti cet| aikāntikaikarasadharmasthāpanaṁ hi heturiti manyate| sarvadharmāṇāṁ prayatnotpannatvenānityatāvarṇanāt| so'nityatāvarṇakaheturaikāntikaikarasastasmādanityatā'napasaraṇīyaiva| tatsāmānajātīyaṁ cikhyāpayiṣatayā ghaṭādyudāharaṇamuktam|

prativādī tvanaikāntikaikarasārthapratyavasthānena khaṇḍanaṁ bhāṣate yathā yadi bhavān sādharmyeṇa śabdasyānityatāṁ sthāpayati tadāhamapi vaidharmyeṇa śabdasya nityatāṁ pratiṣṭhāpayāmi| yadi ca bhavadarthaḥ siddho mamāpyarthaḥ siddho bhavediti|

(śāstramāha) bhavataḥ khaṇḍanamayuktam| kuta iti cet| bhavatprayuktasya hetoranaikāntikanityatvānityatvāvyāptivarṇanāt| asmābhistrilakṣaṇo hetuḥ sthāpitaḥ| tadyathā pakṣadharmmaḥ sapakṣasatvaṁ vipakṣavyāvṛttiśca| tasmādvetusiddhiranapasaraṇīyā| bhavaddhetustu na tathā tasmādbhavatkhaṇḍanaṁ viparītam| yadi bhavatā pratiṣṭhāpito heturasmaddhetutulyobhavettadā samyakkhaṇḍanaṁ sidhyeta| yadyanityatāpratijñā nityatāṁ khaṇḍayati tadā [nityatā-] khaṇḍanasiddhiḥ| kuta iti cet| nityatāsthāpakahetunānityatāsthāpakahetuḥ khaṇḍyate cet, tadānityatāviparyāsadoṣo vyaktīkartuṁ na śakyata iti prasiddham| nityatāhetoranaikāntikaikarasatvādanityatāhetoraikāntikaikarasatvācca|

2. vaidharmyakhaṇḍanam| vastuvaidharmyapratyavasthānaṁ vaidharmyakhaṇḍanamityucyate|

(śāstramāha) anityaḥ śabdaḥ| kasmāt ? kṛtakatvāt| yat kṛtakaṁ tadanityam| yathākāśaṁ nityamakṛtakatvāt| śabdasya tathātvābhāvācchabdo'nityaḥ|

prativādī prāha| yadi śabdo nityākāśavidharmyādanitya iti, tadā kiṁ prāptam| yadi ghaṭavaidharmyaṁ śabdasya, tadā sa nitya iti| tadvaidharmyamamūrtatvam| ghaṭo mūrtastasmādghaṭo'nityaḥ śabdastu nityaḥ|

(śāstramāha) śabdo'nityaḥ kṛtakatvāt| yathā ghaṭo'nityaḥ kṛtakatvāt, tathā śabdo'pi|

prativādī prāha| yadi ghaṭasādharmyācchabdasyānityatā bhavatā sthāpitā, tadā kiṁ prāptam ?| śabdo nitya eva ghaṭavaidharmyādvaidharmyamamūrtatvam| ghaṭastu mūrtaḥ|

(śāstramāha) viparīta ete khaṇḍane| kuta iti cet| asmatsthāpitānityatāhetoraikāntikaikarasatvāt| bhavatpratiṣṭhāpitanityatāhetostvanaikāntikaikarasatvānnityatvānityatvavyāptivarṇanāt| tasmādaniścitaheturaikāntikahetuṁ khaṇḍayituṁ na śaknoti| yo'smābhiḥ sthāpito hetuḥ kṛtakatvācchabdo'nitya iti tasya (hetoḥ) pakṣadharmmaḥ sapakṣasattvaṁ vipakṣavyāvṛttiśca| trayalakṣaṇasampannatvāt so'napasaraṇīyaḥ| yaḥ punarbhavatpratiṣṭhāpito hetuḥ śabdo nityo'mūrtatvāditi tasya pakṣadharmaḥ sapakṣe vipakṣe ca vartata ityasiddho hetuḥ|

3. vikalpakhaṇḍanam| sādharmye vaidharmyapratyavasthānaṁ vikalpakhaṇḍanamucyate|

(śāstramāha) śabdo'nityaḥ pratyatnenotpannatvādghaṭavaditi śabdasyānityatā|

prativādī prāha| bhavāñchabdasya prayatnenotpannatvādghaṭavatsādharmyaṁ sthāpayati| asti punastadvaidharmyam| pakkatvamapakvatvaṁ, cākṣuṣatvamacākṣuṣatvamityādi evaṁ ghaṭaśabdayoḥ pratyekaṁ viśeṣaḥ| śabdaḥ prayatnenotpannatvānnityaḥ ghaṭastu prayatnenotpanno'pyanityaḥ| tasmācchabdo nityaḥ|

viparītametatkhaṇḍanam| kuta iti cet| asmatsthāpitaheturanityatā'vyāvṛtto nityatāvyāvṛttaḥ| etaddhetusthāpanamanityatānumānārtham| yathāgnyanumānārthaṁ dhūmaḥ prayujyate| dhūmo hyagnyavyāvṛttaḥ| tasmādasmatsthāpitahetuḥ sidvo'napasaraṇīyaśca|

bhavatā śabdasyāpakva iti viśeṣaṇaṁ prayujyate| tataśca nitya iti| tadecchādveṣaduḥkhasukhavāyvādīnyapakvāni na punaretāni nityāni| tasmādapakvatvaṁ nityatāhetutvena na pratiṣṭhāpayitavyam| na cācākṣuṣatvamapi nityatāhetutvena pratiṣṭhāpayitavyam| kuta iti cet| icchadveṣaduḥkhasukhavāyvādīnyacākṣuṣāṇi na punarnityāni| bhavaddhetuḥ sapakṣe vipakṣe ca vartate tasmādasādhakaḥ| bhavaddheturmama (heto) stulyo matpratijñāyāśca khaṇḍanāsamartha iti cet| asmatsthāpanaṁ trividhahetusamāśritaṁ tasmādatulyam| yadatulyaṁ tulyamiti bhavatoktaṁ tasmādbhavataḥ khaṇḍanaṁ viparītam|

4. aviśeṣakhaṇḍanam| ekasādharmyakhyāpanātsarvasyāviśeṣeṇa pratyavasthānamaviśeṣakhaṇḍanamucyate|

śabdo'nityaḥ kāraṇabhedena śabdasya bhedāddīpavat| yadi vartikā mahatī jyotirmahat| yadi vartikā kṣudrā jyotirapi kṣudram, iti sthāpite| prativādī prāha yadi sādharmyādyathā ghaṭādyanityaṁ śabdo'pi tathā syāttadā sarvasya sarveṇāviśeṣaprasaṅgaḥ| kuta iti cet| sarvasya sarveṇa sādharmyāt| sādharmyaṁ kiṁ punaścet| sattaikatvaṁ prameyatvamityetat sādharmyamucyate| sadharmāṇyapi sarvāṇi vastūni viśeṣṭavastubhyo bhinnānīti cecchabdo'pi tathā| ghaṭādisadharmā'pi śabdo nityo ghaṭastvanityaḥ| kuta iti cet| sattvādisādharmye'pi svabhāvaviśeṣasambhavāt| yathā dīpaḥ śabdo manuṣyo'śva ityādi| iti sādharmyasamāśritamanumānamasiddham|

viparītametatkhaṇḍanaṁ kuta iti cet| sarveṣāṁ na mayā sattvādisādharmyaṁ pratiṣidvamapi tu teṣāṁ viśeṣa evāvadhāryate| sādharmyasampattitraividhyamanityatāṁ sthāpayati| taccāsmābhiranityatāsādhanāyocyate na tu sādharmyamātramupādīyate na khalvasti sā kā'pi yuktiryā naivaṁ vicāryate| kasmāditi cet| naikamapi vidyate tādṛśaṁ yadanyavastuno na sadṛśaṁ na ca viśiṣṭaṁ syāt| tasmādyadi sādharmyamasti tadā tatsapakṣavarti sarvavipakṣavyāvṛttam| yadi tadupādānena hetusthāpanaṁ, siddho hetureṣa| sādharmyamātreṇa hetupratiṣṭhāpanaṁ tvasiddhaṁ tasmādviparītam|

punaścānityaḥ śabdaḥ kṛtakatvādghaṭavat| tasmācchabdo'nityaḥ|

prativādī prāha| hetuḥ pratijñā cābhāvānna bhidyete| ko nāmārtho hetusamutpādasya| hetvasaṁyoge śabdasyānutpāda iti| anutpannatvādabhāva evetyetasyārthaḥ| kathaṁ nāma śabdo'nitya iti| anutpannaḥ śabda utpattimupalabhata utpanno vinaśyati| vināśāccābhāva evetyetasyārthaḥ| iti hetuḥ pratijñā cābhāvavat|

viparītametatkhaṇḍanam| kuta iti cet| asmatpratijñāyā abhāvaḥ pradhvaṁsābhāvātmakaḥ| asmatsthāpitahetorabhāvaḥ prāgabhāvaḥ| prāgabhāvaḥ sarvalokaprasiddhatvātsiddho'nityatāhetutvena sthāpitaḥ| pradhvaṁsābhāvaḥ sāṁkhyādyaprasidvatvādasiddhaḥ| artho hi siddhena hetunā sthāpyate|

yadi siddhā pratijñopādīyate 'siddhastu heturbhavataḥ khaṇḍanasya viparyāso'dhikataro bhavet| sarveṣāṁ vastūnāṁ pūrvamabhūtvā paścādabhāva iti mayoktam| tasmācchabdaḥ pūrvamasaṁścet paścādapyasan| yadi pūrvamasattvaṁ bhavato 'nanujñātaṁ tadaitadbhavatā cintyatām| yadi pūrvaṁ śabdaḥ sanneva na cāsti pratibandhastadā kasmācchrotreṇa nopalabhyate| tasmātpūrvamasattvaṁ nāgapadavaditi jñāyate| yadi kañcidviśiṣṭabuddhirabhimatamarthaṁ sādhayituṁ na śaknoti, iṣṭasādhanaṁ ca na yuktisampannaṁ so'rtho nirasanīyaḥ|

5. prāptyaprāptikhaṇḍanam| hetuḥ sādhyaṁ prāpnoti na vā ? | yadi tāvat sādhyaṁ prāpnoti tadāsādhakaḥ| atha hetuḥ sādhyaṁ na prāpnoti tadāpyasādhakaḥ| etatprāptyaprāptikhaṇḍanamucyate|

prativādī prāha| yadi hetuḥ sādhyaṁ prāpnoti tadā sādhyena saṁsargātsādhyaṁ na sādhayati| yathā nadīvāri samudravāripraviṣṭaṁ na punarnadīvāri, hetustadvadasādhakaḥ| yadi sādhyamasiddhaṁ, tadā heturaprāpakaḥ| yadi prāpakastadā kiṁ siddhasyārthasya hetunā| tasmāddheturasiddhaḥ| atha na prāpnoti tadā so'nyavastuvadasādhakaṁ, tasmaddheturasiddhaḥ| yadi heturaprāpakastadā'samarthaḥ| yathāgniraprāpya dahanāsamartho'siścāprāpya chedanāsamarthaḥ|

viparītametatkhaṇḍanaṁ| dvividho hetuḥ| utpattiheturvyañjanahetuśca| yadi bhavataḥ khaṇḍanamutpattihetusamāśritaṁ tadā siddhaṁ khaṇḍanam| yadi vyañjanahetusamāśritaṁ tadā viparītam| kasmāditi cet| uktaṁ mayā yaddhetuḥ sādhyaṁ notpādayatyapi tu parapratipādanārthaṁ sādhyaṁ vyanaktyavyāvṛttatvāt| sādhyasattve'pi sādhyasya yathārthajñānaṁ na jāyate| kuta iti cet| mohāt| tasmād vyañjanaheturityucyate| yathā rūpasattve'pi pradīpaprayojanaṁ tadvyañjanārthaṁ na tu tadutpattyartham| tasmādvyañjanahetāvutpattikhaṇḍanaṁ viparītakhaṇḍanam|

6. ahetukhaṇḍanaṁ| traikālye hetorasambhava ityahetukhaṇḍanamucyate|

prativādī prāha| kiṁ hetuḥ sādhyātpūrvaṁ paścādyugapadvā| yadi tāvaddhetuḥ prāk sādhyañca paścāttadāsati sādhye, hetuḥ kasya sādhakaḥ ?| atha paścāt, sādhyañca prāk, tadā siddhe sādhye kiṁ hetunā ?| atha yugapattadāhetuḥ| yathā yugapatsadbhāvāṅgoḥ śṛṅge dakṣiṇaṁ vāmaṁ vā parasparotpādake ityayuktam| tasmādyaugapadyañcettadā hetutvāsambhavaḥ|

viparītametatkhaṇḍanam| kuta iti cet| yatpūrvaṁ samutpannaṁ tadeva hetunā vyajyate yathā dīpaḥ vidyamānānyeva vastūni vyanakti na tvavidyamānāni vastūnyutpādayati| bhavān punarutpattihetunā me vyañjakahetuṁ khaṇḍayati tasmādviparītametatkhaṇḍanaṁ, na tu siddham|

atha manyase yadyeṣa heturvyañjakaheturbhavati jñānābhāve sa kasya hetuḥ| tasmād vyañjakaheturasiddha iti kṛte khaṇḍane, tadā prāptikriyā'sambhave heturnāma nopapadyate kriyāsadbhāve tu heturnāmopapadyate| yadā vyañjanakriyā tadaiva heturnāmopapadyate| taduktaṁ bhavati pūrvaṁ heturnāma nopapadyate paścāttu heturnāmopapadyate| yaccābhihitaṁ hetuḥ prāk kriyā tu paścāditi tadadoṣam| athaivaṁ sati, kriyāyā hetuto'nutpattiriti cedetat khaṇḍanamasiddham| kasmāditi cet| etatprāgeva [sad] vastu paścāddheturnāmopapadyate| vastuni vinaṣṭe paścāt kriyotpattiriti cet, tadaitatkhaṇḍanaṁ sidhyati na tvevamucyate, pūrvaṁ bhāve'pi [hetoriti] nāmānupapattiḥ paścāttu nāmopapattiḥ| tasmātphalasya hetuta utpattiḥ|

7. upalabdhikhaṇḍanam| viśiṣṭahetunānityatāvarṇanādeṣo'heturiti upalabdhikhaṇḍanamucyate|

prativādī prāha| yadi prayatna[ānantarīyaka]tvācchabdo 'nityastadā yatra prayatno na vidyate tatra nityatāprasaṅgaḥ| yathā vidyudvāyvādīnyaprayatna [ānantarīyaka]āṇyanityeṣu cāntarbhūtāni tasmādanityatve sādhye na prayatnamātraṁ samāśrayaṇīyaṁ prayatnasyāsādhanatvāt| sādhanañcedyatra yatra prayatno nāsti tatra tatra nityatāyāḥ sambhavaḥ| yathāgniṁ vinā na dhūmasthitiḥ| dhūmo'gneḥ saddheturdhūmāgnyoravyatirekāt| prayatnastu na tathā, tasmādasiddho hetuḥ| kiñca prayatno nānityatāsthāpanāsamarthaḥ| kuta iti cet| vyāptyabhāvāt| vyāptisambhave hyanityatāsthāpanopapattiḥ| vyāptyasambhave tvanityatāsthāpanānupapattiḥ| yathā kasyacitpratijñā syāt sarve taravo divyacetanā iti| kasmāditi cet| tarūṇāṁ nidrāsambhavācchirīṣavat| tatrāha khaṇḍayitā| tarūṇāṁ divyacetanāsiddhā| kasmāt ? hetorvyāptyabhāvāt| śirīṣa eva svapiti na tvapare taravaḥ| sa svapno na sarvāṁstarūn vyāpnoti tasmātsarveṣāṁ tarūṇāṁ divyacetanatvapratiṣṭhāpane svapno'samarthaḥ| prayatno'pi tathā sarveṣāmanityānāmavyāpakatvādanityatāsthāpane'samarthaḥ||

viparītametatkhaṇḍanam| mayaivaṁ noktam| naitaducyate mayā yatprayatnaḥ sarvānityatākhyāpane samartho heturanye tu hetavo 'samarthāḥ| yadyanyo'nityatākhyāpane samartho heturvidyate tadāhaṁ sukhī| asmadarthasiddheḥ| asmatsthāpito hetuḥ khyāpanasamarthaḥ, anyo 'pi hetuḥ khyāpanasamarthaḥ| tasmātpratijñā siddhā| yathā dhūmenāgniranumitaḥ| yadi kaścidvadetprabhayāgnirapi siddho 'smadarthe'pi tathāsambhavaḥ| prayatnotpattiranityatākhyāpanasamarthā| yadyanye 'pi hetavo 'nityatākhyāpanasamarthā, anityatāpi siddhā| tasmādviparītaṁ khaṇḍanaṁ bhavataḥ| asmanmatākhaṇḍanāt| yadyahaṁ bravīmi yadyadanityaṁ tattatsarvaṁ prayatnasamutpannamiti tadā prayatnotpattihetoravyāpitvādasiddhatvamiti bhavatā khaṇḍanaṁ vaktavyam| tadaitacca khaṇḍanaṁ viśiṣyate| yadāhaṁ bravīmi śabdābikamanityaṁ prayatnasamutpannatvāttadā yatsarvamanitya tatprayatnasamutpannamiti nocyate| tasmādviparītaṁ khaṇḍanaṁ bhavataḥ|

8. saṁśayakhaṇḍanam| vipakṣasādharmyātsaṁśayavādena khaṇḍanam|

anityaḥ śabdaḥ prayatnasamutpannatvāt| yadyatprayatnasamutpannaṁ tattadanityaṁ ghaṭavat| iti sthāpite prativādī prāha| yatsamutpannaṁ tatprayatena vyaktaṁ yathā mūlakīlakodakaṁ prayatnena vyaktaṁ na tu prayatnena samutpannam| śabdo'pi tathā| tasmātprayatnadvārā hetusthāpanamaniyatamanutpanna utpanne ca bhāvāt| tasmāt taṁ hetumāśritya śabde saṁśayotpattiḥ| kathaṁ ca śabdo'vadhāryate ? kiṁ ghatavadasamutpannaḥ samutpadyate mūlakīlodakavatsamutpanno vā vyajyate ? tasmadanaikāntikatā| tasmādutpattihetoḥ saṁśayotpādakatvādasādhakatvamiti jñeyam| kasmāt| utpādakatvād vyaktīkaraṇācca|

viparītametatkhaṇḍanam| kuta iti cet| noktamasmābhiryacchabdaḥ prayatnena vyaktaḥ| api tu yataḥ prayatnena samutpannastasmācchabdo 'nitya iti| punarbhavatā kiṁ khaṇḍyate| yadi (bhavato)cyate prayatnakāryaṁ dvividhamutpattirabhivyaktiśca| utpattirghaṭādivadabhivyaktirmūlakīlo dakādivat| śabdo 'pi prayatnakāryaḥ| tasmāttasmin nityatā'nityatāsaṁśayotpattiriti| tadayuktam| kuta iti cet| mūlakīlodakāderaprayatnakāryatvāt| mūlakīlodakābhivyaktiḥ prayatnakāryyeti cet| etadasmanmataṁ na khaṇḍayati| abhivyaktiranutpannā prayatnenotpatti labhate| tasmātprayatnakāryamekavidhaṁ sadaivanityatvāditi bhavatkhaṇḍanamayuktam|

atha manyase yatprayatna-[kāryaṁ] taddvidham| anityaṁ nityañca| ghaṭotpattiranityā ghaṭadhvaṁso nityaḥ| śabdo'pi tatheti| eṣa saṁśayo'yuktaḥ| kasmāt ? asiddhatvāt| yadi bhavato ghaṭadhvaṁsasya dhvaṁse sadbhāvastataḥ sadbhāvāddhvaṁsābhāvaḥ syāt| yadi dhvaṁse 'bhāvastadā dhvaṁso 'bhāva eva| kuta iti cet| bhāvābhāvāt| andhakāravat| andhakāre jyotiṣo'bhāvaḥ tasmādandhakāraḥ| dhvaṁso 'pi tathā| dhvaṁse bhāvābhāvaḥ tasmāddhvaṁsabhāva iti cet| tadayuktaṁ khapuṣpabandhyāputraśaśaviṣāṇeṣu bhāvābhāvātteṣāmapi sadbhāvaprasaṅgaḥ| yadi khapuṣpādīnāṁ sadbhāvo bhavatā nānujñāyate, tadā ghaṭadhvaṁsasyāpi tathātvam| tasmātsadbhāva iti na vaktavyam| tasmātprayatnakāryamekavidhaṁ sadaivānityatvāt| tasmādayukto bhavataḥ saṁśayaḥ| apratipattiścedbhavataḥ pratipādanārthamahaṁ vyañjanahetuṁ vadāmi| anityaḥ śabdaḥ| kasmāt| prāgvyavadhānābhāvātprayatnenotpattiniṣpattiḥ| tasmādanityaḥ śabdo ghaṭavaditi jñātam| yatprayatnenopalabhyate yacca prayatnena kriyate tadubhayaṁ bhinnamiti bhavatā pratiṣṭhāpitam| tadayuktam| ko'yamartho yatprayatnenopalabhyate tadanityamiti| kasmāt| yasmādanutpannaṁ samutpadyate samutpannañca vinaśyati| tasmānmūlakīlodakādestathāpyanityatāsambhavaḥ| yaccocyate yadabhivyaktaṁ nityamiti tasya kiṁ prayojanam|

9. anuktikhaṇḍanam| pūrvamanuktatvādanityatā'bhāva etadanuktikhaṇḍanam|

pratijñā pūrvavat| prativādī prāha| prayatna iti vacanaṁ śabdasyānityatāheturiti cettadā kiṁ prāpyate ? prayatna ityanukte tadā śabdo nityaḥ| etadeva prāpyate, pūrvakāle nitye sati kathamadhunānityaḥ syāt|

viparītametatkhaṇḍanam| kasmāt| asmābhiḥ sthāpito heturabhivyaktyartho notpattyartho na vā vināśārthaḥ| yadyasmatsthāpitasya hetorvināśaḥ syāttadā bhavatkhaṇḍanaṁ viśiṣyeta| yadā heturmayānuktastadā śabdasyānityatānabhivyakteti cedbhavatkhaṇḍanam| etatkhaṇḍanābhāsa eva| yadi vināśahetunā mām khaṇḍayati bhavān tadviparītakhaṇḍanaṁ syāt|

10. kāryabhedakhaṇḍanam-kāryyabhedād ghaṭavatacchabda iti na vaktavyam| etat kāryabhedakhaṇḍanamucyate|

anityaḥ śabdaḥ kṛtakatvād ghaṭavaditi sthāpite prativādī prāha ghaṭaśabdayoḥ kāryabhedaḥ| kāryabhedāt tulyānityatānupapattiḥ|

viparītametatkhaṇdanam| kasmāt ?| anitya śabdo ghaṭasamānakāryatvāditi noktaṁ mayā| api tu sarvāṇi vastūni tulyena nyāyena kṛtakatvād anityānītyevamuktam| na tu samānakāryāpekṣatvād ghaṭavacchabdo'nitya iti| dhūmo bhinno'pyagnivyañjakaḥ| ghaṭo'pi tathā śabdasyanityatāvyañjakaḥ|

anyacca paraṇoktaṁ kāryaviśeṣakhaṇḍanam| anyadasti yenocyate nityaḥ śabda ākāśasamāśritatvāt| ākāśo nityaḥ| yatkiñcidākāśasamāśritaṁ tannityam| yathā paramāṇoḥ pārimāṇḍalyam| paramāṇurnityaḥ pārimāṇḍalyañca paramāṇusamāśritaṁ, tasmātpārimāṇḍalyaṁ nityam| śabdo'pi tadvadākāśasamāśritatvānnityaḥ| anyacca| nityaḥ śabdaḥ| kasmāt| śrāvaṇatvāt| yathā śabdatvaṁ śravaṇagrāhyaṁ nityañca, tathā śabdo 'pi tasmānnityaḥ| etatpratijñāntaram|

vaiśeṣika āha| yadi nityaṁ hetunā sthāpyate, tato hetukriyatvādanityam| tasmācchabdo'nityaḥ|

viparītametatkhaṇḍanam| kasmāt ? na mayoktaṁ hetunā nityatotpanneti, api tu heturanityatāṁ vyanakti| parasyājñānātparasya pratipādanārthamasmatsthāpitaheturvyañjanaheturna tvutpattihetuḥ| bhavatkhaṇḍanamutpattihetoreva| tasmādviparītam|

kiñca pratijñākhaṇḍane bhavadukte na mayānujñāte| kuta iti cet| nāsmābhiranityateṣṭā pratītā vā| tasmādukto mayaiṣo 'rthaḥ|

etaddaśavidhaṁ viparītakhaṇḍanamucyate| viparyayeṇa taddoṣasthāpanāt| yadi khaṇḍanaṁ tattulyaṁ bhavettadā viparītakhaṇḍanāpattiḥ|

aparamasatkhaṇḍanam| mithyāvacanādasat| mithyāvacanaṁ tvayathārthamanarthakañca| etaducyate'satkhaṇḍanam| asatkhaṇḍanaṁ trividhamavarṇya(vyañjaka) khaṇḍanamarthāpatti(vyañjaka)khaṇḍanaṁ, pratidṛṣṭa(ārthavyañjaka)khaṇḍanañca|

1. avarṇya(vyañjaka)khaṇḍanam| pratyakṣaviṣaye yaddhetvanveṣaṇaṁ tadavarṇyakhaṇḍanamucyate|

anityaḥ śabdaḥ| kuta iti cet| kṛtrimatvādghaṭavaditi sthāpite prativādī prāha| asmābhirdṛṣṭaṁ yadghaṭaḥ kṛtrimaḥ| kena hetunā tadanityatānumīyate| yadi hetuṁ vinā ghaṭasya nityatā sthāpitā śabdo'pi nityetāhetumantareṇa nityo bhavet|

asattatkhaṇḍanam| kasmāt ?| yat[pūrvameva]pratītaṁ na tasya hetunā sādhanam| yadi pratīyate yadvaṭaḥ sahetuko'nityaśceti kimanityatāhetvanmveṣaṇena| tasmādasadetatkhaṇḍanam|

2. arthāpatti(vyañjaka)khaṇḍanam| vipakṣe'rthāpattiretadarthāpattikhaṇḍanam|

ātmā na vidyate| kuta iti cet| anabhivyaktatvādvandhyāputravaditi sthāpite prativādī prāha| tadetadarthādāpattiryadyabhivyaktaṁ sadanabhivyaktaṁ tvasaditi| athābhivyaktaṁ kadācitsatkadācidasa| anabhivyaktaṁ tadvat| alātacakramarīcigandharvanagaravat| tadabhivyaktam| tatsabhdāvasthāpanaṁ tvaśakyam| yadyabhivyaktasya sabhdāvasthāpanamaśakyaṁ tadānabhivyaktasyāsabhdāvapratiṣṭhāpanaṁ [sutarāma] śakyam|

asattatkhaṇḍanam| ko'sau nyāyo yenaitadarthādāpattirbhavet| yadanabhivyaktaṁ tadatyantamasaditi naitadarthādāpadyate| abhivyaktaṁ dvividhamanarthāpattirarthāpattiśca| yadi vṛṣṭirbhavati tadā meghenāpi bhavitavyam| meghe satyapi tu kadācidṛṣṭirbhavati kadācinna bhavatītyanaikāntikatā| dhūmenāgneranumānam| nātrārthādāpattiḥ| dhūme dṛṣṭe satyagniranumīyate dhūme tvasati agnerabhāvaḥ| anarthāpattiriyam| kasmāditi cet| taptāyaḥpiṇḍe lohitāṅgāre ca dhūmābhāve'pya'gneḥ sadbhāvaḥ| tasmādabhivyakteṣvarthāpattikhaṇḍanamabhūtam|

anyacca| rūpamevālātacakramarīcigandharvanagarāṇīti pratibhātīndriyabhramāccittaviparyāsena| tacca vartamāna eva sadanāgate tvasat| rūpamātramindriyabhramāccittaviparyāsena kadācit sad[vastīva] prakāśate| yaduktaṁ bhavatābhivyaktasya sattvamanaikāntikaṁ tadayuktam| kiñca bandhyāputradṛṣṭāntenāyamevārtho mayā niścīyate| yadabhivyaktisthānānna prabhraṁśate tadvastvabhāva eva| bandhyāutravat| yaccānabhivyaktisthānātprabhraṁśate naiṣo me dṛṣṭāntaḥ| aṇvākāśādiṣu tu kadācidabhivyaktiḥ kadācidanabhivyaktiḥ| bhavadarthāpattiḥ prati mayārthāpattiruktā| yadabhivyaktisthānādekāntena prabhraṁśate tadvastu sadeva | alātacakrādiṣu cakramevānaikāntikam| tacca cakrasyānaikāntikatā yat pravartanakāle sat, sthitikāle cāsat| tasmāt neyamarthāpattiḥ| anarthāpattāvarthāpattikhaṇḍanaṁ cedetat khaṇḍanamasat| punaranyathāpyarthāpattikhaṇḍanaṁ vadanti| yadi ghaṭasādharmyādanityaḥ śabda ityarthādāpannaṁ tadāsādharmyānnityaḥ| asādharmyaṁ yacchabdaḥ śravaṇagrāhyo 'mūrtaśca ghaṭastu cakṣurgrāhyo mūrtaśca| asādharmyācchabdo nityaḥ|

evaṁvidhakhaṇḍanaṁ sādharmyakhaṇḍanato 'rthāpattikhaṇḍanāviśeṣānna mayānujñātam|

3. pratidṛṣṭāntakhaṇḍanam| pratidṛṣṭāntabalāt sādhanam| etaducyate pratidṛṣṭānta (vyañjaka) khaṇḍanam|

anityaḥ śabdo'nityaghaṭasādharmyāditi cet| tadāhamapi tasya nityatāṁ vyaktīkaromi | yathā nityākāśasādharmyānnityaḥ śabdaḥ| yadi nityatāsādharmyānnityatā'prāptistadā'nityatāsādharmyātkathamanityatā|

asattatkhaṇḍanam| kuta iti cet| abhāvamātra vastvākāśamucyate| yadi sato nityavaṁ siddhastadā dṛṣṭāntaḥ sada khaṇḍanam| kintvatrāmato nityatā| ākāśamasadvastvera naitannityamanityaṁ vā vaktuṁ śakyate| asiddho dṛṣṭānta etasya khaṇḍanasya| adṛṣṭānte dṛṣṭāntatākalpanāt| tasmādasadetatkhaṇḍanam| yadi kaścinmanyate sadvastvevākāśo nityaśca| etadviparītakhaṇḍanaṁ natu satkhaṇḍanam| kasmāt ?| amūrtatvasyanaikāntikatvāt| ākāśo'mūrto nityaśca cittasukhaduḥkhecchādikantvamūrtamanityam| amūrtaḥ śabdaḥ kimākāśavannityo bhaveccittasukhādivadanityo vā| amūrtatvamanaikāntikatvādasiddho hetuḥ| tasmādviparītametkhaṇḍanam| aparaṁ ca sahetukatvācchabdo'nityaḥ| vastu sahetukañcet tadā'nityamiti jñeyaṁ ghaṭādivaditi sthāpite| prativādī prāha| asminnarthe saṁśayaḥ| kasmāditi cet| ghaṭotpādaḥ sahetuko'nityaḥ| ghaṭadhvaṁsastu sahetuko nityaḥ| śabdasya sahetukatvācchabde saṁśayotpattiḥ| sahetukaghaṭotpādavadanityaḥ sahetukaghaṭadhvaṁsavannityo vā|

asadetkhaṇḍanam| kasmāt ? yadyasaddravyaṁ nityamucyate daṇḍāghātavinaṣṭavastūnāmapi nityatāpattiḥ|

kiñca śabdo'nityaḥ| kutaḥ aindriyakatvāt| ghaṭādivaditi sthāpite| prativādī prāha| atrāpi saṁśayasambhavaḥ| yadyaindriyakaḥ sāmānyavattadā nityatāpattiḥ| yadi śabda aindriyakastadā sāmānyavannityaḥ| yadi sāmānyavanna nityo bhavet, tadā ghaṭadṛṣṭāntenānityo na bhavet|

asadetatkhaṇḍanam| kasmāt| yadi gavādisāmānyaṁ gavādivyatiriktaṁ syāttadā pṛthaktvena grāhyaṁ draṣṭavyañca sāmānyantu gavādivyatiriktaṁ pṛthaktvena gṛhyate na ca dṛśyate| tasmādanityamiti jñeyam|

anyacca| ātmā na vidyate | kuta iti cet| anabhivyaktatvāt| sarpaśravaṇavat| iti sthāpite prativādī prāha| samudrabinduparimāṇaṁ himālayagurutvañca madeva kintvanabhivyakte| ātmano'pi tathātvasambhavaḥ| sanneva kintvanabhivyaktaḥ| tasmādanabhivyaktiheturnātmābhāvaṁ sthāpayituṁ samarthaḥ|

saṅkhyāparimāṇasya sañcitādapṛthaktvam| tatparimeyasañcitamanukrameṇeyaditīyaditi ca pradarśyate| tatsaṅkhyāparimāṇaṁ smṛtidhāraṇārthaṁ, ekaṁ, daśa, sahasraṁ niyutamityādyucyate| samudrabinduparimāṇasya himālayagurutvasya cāpṛthaktvena satvābhāvāt| yadyaparakhaṇḍanaṁ tatkhaṇḍanasadṛśaṁ taddoṣasthāpanādasatkhaṇḍanamityucyate|

viruddhakhaṇḍanam| arthavisaṁvādakaṁ viruddhamityucyate, yathā prabhāndhakārau sthitigatī visaṁvādake| tadviruddhakhaṇḍanamityucyate|

viruddhakhaṇḍanaṁ trividham| anutpattikhaṇḍanaṁ, nityatākhaṇḍanaṁ, svārthaviruddhakhaṇḍanañca|

1. athānutpattikhaṇḍanam| prāgutpatteḥ prayatnanirapekṣatvānnitya ityanutpattikhaṇḍanam|

prativādī prāha| yadyanityaḥ śabdaḥ prayatna[ānantarīyaka]tvāttadā prāgutpatteraprayatna[ānantarīyaka]tvānnityaḥ|

viruddhaṁ tatkhaṇḍanam| kuta iti cet| utpatteḥ pūrvaṁ śabdo'sanneva| asaṁścet, kathaṁ nityaḥ| yadi kaścidvadedvandhyāputraḥ kṛṣṇo bandhyāputraḥ śveta iti tadapi siddham bhavet| yadyasannityatānupapattiḥ| yadi nityo'sattānupapattiḥ| asannityamiti svato viruddham| etadasatkhaṇḍaneṣvarthāpattisamam| kasmāt| asatkhaṇḍanāt| śabdo 'nityaḥ prayatna[ānantarīyakatvā]diti sthāpita etadarthādāpadyate| aprayatna[ānantarīya]katvānnitya iti tadasat| kutaḥ| prayatna[ānantarīya] kaṁ trividham, nityamanityamasacca| nityamākāśavat| anityaṁ vidyudādivat| asadākāśakusumāditiva| etatritayamaprayatna[ānantarīya] kaṁ bhavatā tvekena prakāreṇa nityamiti manyate| tasmādasat|

2. nityatākhaṇḍanam| nityamanityabhāvānnityaḥ śabdaḥ| etannityatākhaṇḍanamucyate|

prativādī prāha| anitye nityamanityatā, sarvadharmāṇāṁ svabhāvānirāsāt| anitye nityamanityatvabhāvānnityatā siddhā|

viruddhametat| kasmāt| yadyanityaṁ nityatālābhaḥ katham| yadi kaścidvadedandhakāre prabhāstīti tadvacanamapi siddhaṁ bhavet| tannaiveti cettato bhavatkhaṇḍanamapi viruddhamasacca| kasmāditi cet| anityateti pṛthagdharmo'nityena na sambaddhaḥ yo nityo mantavyaḥ| anityatā naiva pṛthagbhāvaḥ| yadyanutpannaṁ vastūtpattiṁ labhata utpannantu vinaśyati tato'nityamityucyate| anityamasaditi cedyadanityena nityaṁ śthāpitaṁ tasyāpyasattāprasaṅgaḥ|

3. svārthaviruddham| yadi parārthasvaṇḍane svārthahānistadā tatsvārthaviruddhakhaṇḍanamucyate|

anityaḥ śabdaḥ kṛtakatvādaṅkurādivaditi sthāpite| prativādī prāha| yadi heturanityatāṁ prāpnoti tadā'nityatātulyaḥ| yadyanityatāṁ na prāpnoti tadānityatāsādhanāsamarthaḥ| tasmādasiddho heturiti|

yadi tāvattava khaṇḍanaṁ matpratijñāṁ prāpnoti, matpratijñātulyatve'smadarthakhaṇḍanāsamartham| atha na matpratijñāṁ prāpnoti tathāpyasmadarthakhaṇḍanāsamartham| tasmādbhavatkhaṇḍane bhavadarthahāniḥ|

prativādī punarāha| yadi hetuḥ pūrvaṁ pratijñā tu paścāt, tadā pratijñā'bhāve sa kasya hetuḥ| atha pratijñā pūrvaṁ hetustu paścāttadā, siddhāyāṁ pratijñāyāṁ kiṁ hetunetyeṣo 'pyasiddho hetuḥ|

yadi bhavatkhaṇḍanaṁ pūrvamasmatpratijñā tu paścādasmadarthābhāve kiṁ bhavatā khaṇḍyate| yadyasmatpratijñā pūrvaṁ bhavatkhaṇḍanaṁ tu paścāttadāsmatpratijñāyāṁ sthāpitāyāṁ kiṁ bhavatkhaṇḍanena| bhavānasmatkhaṇḍanānujñānādasmatkhaṇḍanopādānena mā khaṇḍayatīti cettadayuktam| kasmāditi cet| mayā prakaṭitaṁ yadbhavatkhaṇḍanaṁ bhavadarthameva pratiṣedhati na tu bhavatkhaṇḍanamavalambyāsmadartho pratiṣṭhāpitaḥ| aparakhaṇḍane tatkhaṇḍanatulye sati taddoṣapratiṣṭhāpanaṁ viruddhakhaṇḍanamucyate|

samyakkhaṇḍanaṁ pañcavidham| iṣṭārthadūṣaṇam, aniṣṭārthavyaktiḥ, prasaṅgavyaktiḥ, viṣamārthavyaktiḥ, marvānyāyasiddhilābhavyaktiḥ|

prativādī prāha| astyātmā saṁghātasya parārthatvāt| yathā śayanāsanādisaṁghātaḥ parārthaḥ| cakṣurādīndriyasaṁghāto 'pi parārthaḥ| parastvātmā| tasmādastyātmeti jñātam|

nāstyātmā| kuta iti cet| ekāntānabhivyaktatvāt| yadekāntānabhivyaktaṁ tadasadeva| yathānīśvarapuruṣasya dvitīyo mūrdhā| dvitīyo mūrdhā rūpagandhādimūrdhākārato na pṛthak mantavyaḥ| tasmādasan| ātmano'pi tathātvasambhavaḥ| cakṣurādīndriyeṣu na hi sa pṛthagabhivyaktaḥ| tasmādasan| astyātmeti cettadayuktam| tadiṣṭadūṣaṇamucyate|

yadi punarbhavān vadati yadātmalakṣaṇamaviśeṣyaṁ, sa tu sanniti tadā dvitīyo mūrdhaviśeṣyo'pi sanneva bhavet| dvitīyo mūrdhā sanniti bhavatā cenna pratipādyate tadātmanyapi tathā pratipattavyam| iyamucyate 'niṣṭārthavyaktiḥ|

yadi bhavanmate ubhau tulyamevāviśeṣyau| nyāyāsamāśrayāccātmā sanna punardvitīyo mūrdhā| tadāhamapi nyāyāsamaśrayātsanneva dvitīyo mūrdhā na tvātmeti cedvadeyameṣo'rthaḥ sidvo bhavet| athāsmadartho na siddho bhavadartho'pi na sidva ityucyate prasaṅgavyaktiḥ|

anyacca| ātmā dvitīya iva mūrdhāviśeṣyaḥ na tvasanniti cettadā vaiṣamyadoṣo bhavanmūrdhyāpatet| yadi kaścidvadedvandhyāputraḥ sālaṅkāro bandhyāputro niralaṅkāra iti tadapi siddhaṁ bhavet| yadi kaścidevaṁ vadettadā vaiṣamyadoṣāpattiḥ| bhavato'pi tathātvasambhavaḥ| iyaṁ vaiṣamyadoṣavyaktiḥ| athocyate nyāyāsamāśrayānniyatamevāstyātmā, nyāyāsamāśrayānniyatameva nāsti dvitīyo mūrdheti siddhaṁ ca tadvacanamiti tadā mūrkhabālānyāyavacanānyapi sidhyeyuryathākāśo dṛśyaḥ, śītolo'gniḥ, grāhyoḥ vāyurityādi mūrkhavacanāninyāyāsamāśritānyapi bhavatsādhyavat siddhāni bhaveyuḥ| asiddhāni cedbhavadartho'pyevaṁ syāt| iyamucyate sarvānyāyasiddhilābhavyaktiḥ||

iti dvitīyaṁ prakaraṇam|

atha tṛtīyaṁ prakaraṇam

atha tṛtīyaṁ prakaraṇam|

dvāviṁśatividhā nigrahasthānāpattiḥ| 1 pratijñāhāniḥ, 2 pratijñāntaram, 3 pratijñāvirodha, 4 pratijñāsaṁnyāsaḥ, 5 hetvantaram, 6 arthāntaram, 7 nirarthakam, 8 avijñātārtham, 9 apārthakam, 10 aprāptakālaṁ, 11 nyūnam, 12 adhikam, 13 punaruktam, 14 ananubhāṣaṇam, 15 ajñānam, 16 apratibhā, 17 vikṣepaḥ (vyājairdūṣaṇaparihāraḥ) 18 matānujñā (paradūṣaṇānujñā), 19 paryanuyojyopekṣaṇam (nigrahasthānaprāptasya nigrahasthānāpattyupekṣaṇam), 20 niranuyojyānuyogaḥ (asthāne nigrahasthānābhiyogaḥ), 21 apasiddhāntaḥ, 22 hetvābhāsāśceti dvāviṁśatibidhāni nigrahasthānāni| yadi kasyacinnigrahasthānāpattirbhavet, na punastena saha vādaḥ kartavyaḥ|

1. pratijñāhāniḥ| svapratijñāyāṁ pratipakṣābhyanujñeti pratijñāhāniḥ|

nityaḥ śabdaḥ| kasmāt| amūrtatvāt| ākāśavat| iti sthāpite 'paraḥ prāha| śabda ākāśasādharmyannitya iti cettato yadi vaidharmyaṁ syāt, tadā'nityaḥ| vaidharmyañca śabdasya sahetukatvamākāśasya tvahetukatvamiti| śabda aindriyaka ākāśastvanaindriyakaḥ| tasmācchabdo'nitya iti pratyavasthita idamāha| sādharmyaṁ vaidharmyaṁ vā na mayā samālocyate| nityasādharmyaṁ tu mayoktam| yadi nityasadharmā tadā nitya iti|

atrāparaḥ| nityasādharmyamanaikāntikam| amūrtānyanityānyapi bastūni vidyante| yathā sukhaduḥkhādīni| tasmādasiddho hetuḥ| vaidharmyaṁ tu sarvamanityaṁ nityavyatiriktamiti niścitaṁ vyanakti| tasmādanityatāsādhane samarthamityukte brūyāt| anityaṁ sahetukam| nityaṁ tvahetukamiti mayāpi pratipāditam| iti pratijñāhāninigrahasthānāpattiḥ|

2. pratijñāntaram| pratijñātārthapratiṣedhe pareṇa kṛte dharmāntaravikalpādarthanirdeśaḥ pratijñāntaramucyate|

nityaḥ śabdaḥ| kasmāt| asparśatvāt| ākāśavaditi sthāpite aparaḥ prāha| asparśatvahetunā nityaḥ śabda iti bhavatā sthāpitam| asparśatvahetuścānaikāntikaḥ| cittecchakrodhādyasparśamapyanityam| śabdo 'pyasparśastasmādanaikāntikatā| ākāśādivannityaścittādivadanityo vetyasparśatvamanaikāntikameva| tasmādbhavaddheturasiddhaḥ| yadi heturasiddhastadā pratijñāpyasiddheti prasiddhamiti pratyavasthita idamāha| śabdo nityatā ceti na mama pratijñā | api tu nityatā śabdena saṁbaddhā, śabdaśca nityatathā sambaddha ityasmatpratijñā| yo mayā nirdiṣṭaḥ śabdaḥ sa rūpādiniṣedhārthaḥ|

yā ca mayā nirdiṣṭā nityatā, sā nityatāniṣedhārthā| nityatā śabdānna vyatiricyate rūpādibhyastu vyatiricyate| śabdo nityatāyā na vyatiricyate śrotragrāhyādikāttu vyatiricyate| yadyasmānna vyatiricyate, tattena sambaddham, eṣā'smatpratijñā| mayā na śabdo na ca nityatā sthāpyate| bhavān punaḥ śabdañca nityatāñca khaṇḍayati na tu mama pratijñāṁ khaṇḍayati| iyamucyate pratijñāntarānagrahasthānāpattiḥ|

3. pratijñāvirodhaḥ| hetupratijñayorvirodhaḥ pratijñāvirodha ityucyate|

prativādī prāha| nityaḥ śabdaḥ| kasmāt| sarvasyānityatvāt| ākāśavat| iti sthāpite 'paraḥ prāha bhavatoktaṁ sarvamanityaṁ tasmānnityaḥ śabda iti| atha śabdaḥ sarvasminnantarbhavati na vā| sarvasminnantarbhavati cet| sarvasyānityatvācchabdo'pyanityaḥ| sarvasminnāntarbhavati cettadā sarvamityasiddham| kuta iti cet| śabdasyāsaṅgrahāt| hetuvacane pratijñāhāniḥ| pratijñāvacane ca hetuhāniḥ| tasmādbhavato'rtho'siddhaḥ| iyaṁ pratijñāvirodhanigrahasthānāpattirucyate|

4. pratijñāsaṁnyāsaḥ| pareṇa svapratijñāpratiṣedhe kṛte saṁnyāso'samarthaneti pratijñāsaṁnyāsaḥ|

nityaḥ śabdaḥ| kutaḥ| aindriyakatvāt| yathā sāmānyamaindriyakaṁ nityañca| śabdo'pyaindriyakatvānnityaḥ| iti sthāpite'paraḥ prāha nityaḥ śabda aindriyakatvāditi bhavatoktam| atha yadaindriyakaṁ tadanityalakṣaṇākrāntaṁ ghaṭādivat| ghaṭo hyaindriyakatvādanityaḥ| tasmācchabdopyanitya iti| yadbhavatoktaṁ sāmānyavannityamiti tadayuktam| tathā hi gavādisāmānyaṁ gavāderabhinnaṁ bhinnaṁ vā | abhinnañced, gaureva san sāmānyaṁ tvasat| bhinnañced, gorvyatiriktaṁ sāmānyaṁ prakāśeta na tu gorvyatiriktaṁ sāmānyaṁ prakāśate tasmāddṛṣṭānto na nityatāsādhakaḥ| pratijñā cāsiddhā| iti dūṣaṇe kṛte prativādī prāha kenaitatsthāpitam| iyaṁ pratijñāsannyāsanigrahasthānāpattirityucyate|

5. hetvantaram| aviśeṣahetau sthāpite paścāddhetvantaroktiriti hetvantaram|

nityaḥ śabdaḥ| kasmāt| dviranabhivyaktatvāt| yannityaṁ tatsarvaṁ sakṛdabhivyaktamākāśavat| śabdasyāpi tathātvam| iti sthāpite'paraḥ prāha| nityaḥ śabdo dviranabhivyaktatvāt| ākāśavaditi na tveṣa heturyuktaḥ| kuta iti ceddviranabhivyaktasya nityatānaikāntikatvāt| yathā vāyoḥ sparśasya ca sakṛdevābhivaktavāpi vāyuranityaḥ| śabdo'pi tatheti pratyavasthita idamāha| śabdo vāyuvilakṣaṇaḥ| vāyurhi tvagindriyagrāhyaḥ| śabdastu śravaṇagrāhyaḥ| tasmācchabdo vāyuvilakṣaṇa iti|

atrāparaḥ prāha| pūrvamuktaṁ bhavatā śabdo nityo dviranabhivyaktatvādityadhunā tūcyate śabdo vāyuvilakṣaṇaḥ pṛthagindriyagrāhyatvāditi prathamahetutyāgena bhavata hetvantaraṁ pratiṣṭhāpitam| tasmādbhavato heturasiddhaḥ| iyaṁ hetvantaranigrahasthānāpattirucyate|

6. arthāntaram| prakṛtārthāpratisambaddhārthābhidhānamarthāntaram|

nityaḥ śabdaḥ| kasmāt| rūpādipañcaskandhā daśahetupratyayāḥ| etaducyate arthāntaram|

7. nirarthakam| yadā vāda iṣṭastadā mantrabhāṣaṇamiti nirarthakiam|

8. avijñātārtham| pariṣatprativādibhyāṁ trirabhihitamapyavijñātamityavijñātārtham|

yadi kaściddharmaṁ vakti pariṣattu prativādī ca jijñāsāvapi trirabhihitaṁ jñātumasamarthau| yathā (kaścidvaded) aṇuramūrtaḥ sukhotpādakaḥ duḥkhotpādako'prāpto sāpakarṣotkarṣaḥ samito'sannyāso na vināśaḥ| śabdo nityaḥ kasmāt| anityasya nityatvāt| iyamavijñātārthanigrahasthānāpattirucyate|

9. apārthakam| paurvāparyyāsambandho'pārthakam| yathā kaścidvadet| daśavidhaṁ phalaṁ trividhaḥ kaṁbala ekavidhaṁ pānabhojanametadapārthakamucyate|

10. aprāptakālam| pratijñāyāṁ duṣṭāyāṁ paścāddhetusthāpanamaprāptakālam|

nityaḥ śabdaḥ| yathā pārimāṇḍalyāśrayasya paramāṇornityatvātpārimāṇḍalyaṁ nityaṁ śabdasyāpi tathātvasambhava iti kṛte'paraḥ prāha| bhavatā nityatāsthāpane heturnoktaḥ, pañcāvayavanyūnavacanasthāpanādbhavadartho'siddha iti dūṣita idaṁ prāha| asti me heturnāmnā tu noktaḥ| ko'yaṁ heturiti cet| nityākāśāśrayatvamiti|

atrāparaḥ| yathā gṛhe dagdhe tatparitrāṇāyodakānveṣaṇaṁ tathā'navasare'rtharakṣaṇāya hetusthāpanam| etadaprāptakālamucyate|

11. nyūnam| pañcāvayavā anyatamena hīnā iti nyūnam| pratijñā heturudāharaṇamupanayanaṁ nigamanamiti pañcāvayavāḥ|

yathā (kaścidvadatya) nityaḥ śabda ityayaṁ prathamo'vayavaḥ| kṛtakatvāditi dvitīyo'vayavaḥ| yadvastu kṛtakaṁ tadanityaṁ yathā ghaṭaḥ kṛtako'nityaśceti tṛtīyo'vayavaḥ| śabdo'pi tatheti caturtho'vayavaḥ| tasmācchabdo'nitya iti pañcamo'vayavaḥ| pañcāvayavānāmanyatamena nyūnatā nyūnanigrahasthānāpattirityucyate|

12. adhikam| bahuhetūdāharaṇoktiradhikam| yathā (kaścidvade) cchabdo'nityaḥ| kasmāt ?| prayatnānantarīyakatvādamūrtatvādaindriyakatvādutpādavināśābhyāṁ vācyatvāccaitaddhetubāhulyamityucyate| api ca śabdo'nityaḥ kṛtakatvād ghaṭavatpaṭavatgṛhavatkarmmavat| etaddṛṣṭāntabāhulyamityucyate|

vādī prāha| bhavatā hetūdāharaṇabahulyamuktam| yadyeko hetuḥ sādhanāsamarthastadā kathamekahetuprayogaḥ| atha sādhanasamarthastadā kiṁ hetubāhulyena udāharaṇabahulye'pi tathātvasambhavaḥ| tadbāhulyokteraprayojanatvāt|

13. punaruktam| punaruktaṁ trividhaṁ, śabdapunaruktaṁ, artha punaruktaṁ, arthāpattipunaruktañca| śabdapunaruktaṁ yathā (kaścidvade) cchakraḥ śakraḥ| arthapunaruktaṁ yathā (kaścidvadet) cakṣurakṣi| arthāpattipunaruktaṁ yathā (kaścidvadet) satyaṁ saṁsāro duḥkhaṁ satyaṁ nirvāṇaṁ sukham| prathamameva vacanaṁ vaktavyaṁ dvitīyaṁ tvaprayojanam| kasmāt| pūrvavacanasya spaṣṭārthatvāt| pūrvavacanasyārtha spaṣṭaśced, dvitīyavacanena kiṁ spaṣṭaṁ bhavet| yadi na kiñcit prakaṭayitavyaṁ tadā tadaprayojanam| etatpunaruktamityucyate|

14. ananubhāṣaṇam| pariṣadā vijñātāyāḥ pratijñāyāstrirabhihitāyā api yadi kaścitpratyuccāraṇāsamarthastadānanubhāṣaṇam|

15. ajñānam| pariṣadā vijñātāyā api pratijñāyāḥ kenacidavijñānamajñānamucyate|

6. apratibhā| yadi parasya pratijñāṁ nyāyavadīkṣate dūṣaṇe cāsamarthastadā'pratibhā|

apare tu vadanti| ajñāne'pratibhāyāñcobhayatrānigrahasthānāpattiḥ| kasmāt ?| yadi kaścidarthaṁ na vijānāti dūṣaṇe cāsamarthastena saha vādo na kartavya iti|

ete tvatimande nigrahasthāne| anyeṣu nigrahasthāneṣu, sadoṣasya vacanasya vividhenopāyenoddharaṇaṁ śakyam| atra tūbhayatra na kaścidupāya uddharaṇasamarthaḥ| eṣa manuṣyaḥ pūrvaṁ pāṇḍityagauravaṁ sthāpayati, paścāttu pāṇḍityaṁ prakaṭayitumaśaktaḥ|

17. vikṣepaḥ| svapratijñāyā doṣaṁ jñātvā vyājaiḥ parihāraḥ kāryāntarakathanam| yathāhaṁ svayaṁ rogī, ahaṁ paraṁ roginaṁ draṣṭumicchāmi| tadā tu yadi nāpakrāmati paradūṣaṇanirākaraṇaṁ na kalpayati| kasmāt| bandhusnehāpagamabhayāt| iti vikṣepanigrahasthānāpattirucyate|

18. matānujñā| paradūṣaṇe svapakṣadoṣābhyupagama iti matānujñā| yadi kaścit pareṇa dūṣaṇe kṛte, svapakṣadoṣamanujānāti, yathā mama doṣa evaṁ bhavato'pītyabhyupagacchan| iyaṁ matānujñocyate|

19. paryanuyojyopekṣaṇam| yadi kaścinnigrahasthānaṁ prāpnuyāt, tasya nigrahāpattyanudbhāvanaṁ taddūṣaṇecchayā tu duṣaṇasthāpanam| tadarthe ca hīne kiṁ prayojanaṁ dūṣaṇena| asiddhametaddūṣaṇam| etaducyate paryanuyojyopekṣaṇam|

20. niranuyojyānuyogaḥ| kasyacidanigrāhyatve'pi nigrahasthānābhiyogo niranuyojyānuyogaḥ| anyacca| prativādini svapratijñāhānyāpanne svapakṣabhinnārthopādānenāsthāne paranigrahasthānadyotanam| ayamapi niranuyojyānuyogaḥ|

21. apasiddhāntaḥ| pūrvaṁ caturvidhe siddhānte svayamaṅgīkṛte'pi paścāccedyathāsiddhāntaṁ na brūyādayamapasiddhāntaḥ|

22. hetvābhāsāḥ| yathā pūrvamuktāstrividhāḥ| asiddho'neikāntiko viruddhaśceti hetvābhāsāḥ|

asiddhaḥ| yathā kaścit sthāpayedaśva āgacchati| kasmāt| śṛṅgadarśanāt| aśvo 'śṛṅga iti śṛṅgaheturasiddho 'śvāgamanasthāpanāsamarthaḥ|

anaikāntikaḥ| yathā kaścit sthāpayetgaurāgacchati| kasmāt| śṛṅgadarśanāt| yaḥ saśṛṅga sa gaurityanaikāntikaḥ chāgarurvādīnāṁ saśṛṅgatvāt| śṛṅgaheturanaikāntikaḥ| tasmādgavāgamanasthāpanāsamarthaḥ|

viruddhaḥ| yathā kaścit sthāpayetprabhāte rātriḥ| kasmāt| aruṇodayāt| aruṇodayo rātryā viruddhaḥ| aruṇodayahetū rātristhāpanāsamarthaḥ| yadi kenacideṣa hetuḥ prayujyate tadā hetvābhāsanigrahasthānāpattiḥ|

iti tṛtīyaṁ prakaraṇam|

samāptaścāyaṁ grantha|