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• tam tánh đối vọng :
  三性對望 - [py] sānxìng duìwàng [wg] san-hsing tui-wang [ko] 삼석대망 samsŏng taemang [ja] サンショウタイモウ sanshō taimō ||| In the Faxiang sect 法相宗, the use of the three natures 三性 to explain the middle path 中道. According to Consciousness-only 唯識 theory, all dharmas 法 (all existences) are included in these three natures. The nature based on all-pervading discrimination is the dharma expressing the average man's deluded attachments. The existence that is based on accepting the fact that there are regular people is the nature of all-pervading discrimination, though it is not something that is real. This point is called "non being" or "emptiness." In Consciousness-only doctrine, emptiness means non-being, which is quite different from emptiness as understood in the Prajñāpāramitā sutras, which understand emptiness to mean "that which is ungraspable and unattached." The next, in the nature of existence established according to causal arising, those things which are established according to causal arising are called "dharmas." This is "provisional existence" or "phenomena" (jiayou 假有). It is also called "non-empty." The nature of complete becoming is absolute reality. That is, the essence of existence. This is true existence, and therefore the three time divisions of the teaching (see sanshijiao 三時教) of existence, emptiness and the middle path, are understood as the middle path of going by the three natures, as distinct from a one-sided clinging to existence and a one-sided clinging to emptiness. [Dictionary References] [Credit] cmuller(entry) cwittern(py)
  (Digital Dictionary of Buddhism - A. Charles Muller)

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